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Article Name: Spectrology or Spectrum analysis of Chinese Angelica Root.
Key Words: Angelica Root 10:1,1%Ligustilide Extract.Chinese Angelica root Extract.Dang Gui,Dong Quai,Ligustilide 1%HPLC.CAS.NO:4431-01-0,Dong Quai extract......
Article Link: http://www.mdidea.com/products/herbextract/angelica/spectrology.html
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2.4.Archeology of Quality or Substance Identification:Barter to Standardization:2.4.1.Substance Identification 2.4.2.Standardization and Phytochemicals Include: Alpha-pinene, Aluminum, Arachidonic-acid, Ascorbic-acid, Ash, Bergapten, Beta-carotene, Beta-sitosterol, Beta-sitosterol-glucoside, Biotin, Cadinene, Calcium, Carbohydrates, Carvacrol, Choline, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, EO, Falcarindiol, Falcarinol, Falcarinone, Ferulic-acid, Folacin, Folinic-acid, Fructose, Glucose, Iron, Isosafrole, Ligustilide, Linoleic-acid, Magnesium, Manganese, Myristic-acid, N-butylidenphthalide, N-butylphthalide, N-dodecanol, N-valero-phenone-o-carbonic-acid, N-valerophenone-o-carboxylic-acid, Nico-tinamide, Nicotinic-acid, Oleic-acid, P-cymene, Palmitic-acid, Pantothenic- acid, Phosphorus, Phthalides, Potassium, Protein, Riboflavin, Safrole, Scopoletin, Sedanoic-acid, Selenium, Sesquiterpene, Silicon, Sodium, Stearic-acid, Thiamin, Tin Umbelliferone, Vanilic-acid, Vit-B12, Vit-E, Zinc
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3.Daily life uses of subject material:3.1.General Scope Description: 3.1.1.Internally Uses: Use Angelica internally as a tea, tincture, or extract to treat colds, coughs, blood circulation problems, flu symptoms, headaches, insomnia, indigestion, menstrual cramps, poor blood circulation, and tension. 3.1.2.Externally Uses: Use Angelica externally to help problems with cold sores, lice, sore muscles and skin ulcers. 3.1.3.Use of angelica root:The root of Angelica can be used for making tea and the stems are the parts which are candied for cake decoration. 3.1.4.Use of leaves:The leaves can be added to cooking rhubarb, gooseberries, redcurrants and plums to help sweeten these often sour fruits. 3.1.5.Stem Uses:A syrup made from the stems and leaves can be stored and diluted to use as a drink and tea made from the dried leaves is said to be good for soothing the nerves, tension, colds coughs and rheumatism. 3.1.6.Cosmetic Uses:Angelica also has a cosmetic use. Fill a muslin bag with Angelica leaves and dangle it in your bath. It is most relaxing. 3.1.7.Traditional Uses:Angelica has a long history of medical, magical, and culinary tales to it's credit. In the past it has been used for such diverse medical problems as chest congestion, insomnia, flatulence, headaches, fevers, skin rashes, wounds, rheumatism, toothaches, to promote menstrual flow, and to induce abortions. 3.1.7.1.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:chest congestion, insomnia, flatulence, headaches, fevers, skin rashes, wounds, rheumatism, toothaches, to promote menstrual flow, and to induce abortions. 3.1.7.1.01.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Chest congestion To treat chest congestion:Try making an infusion for bronchial problems by pouring boiling water over 1 ounce of bruised or cut Angelica root (harvest the root in the fall of the first year of growth). Cover and let sit for about 30 minutes. Bottle, then take 2 tablespoons 3-4 times per day. This also has some merit as an expectorant. 3.1.7.1.02.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Insomnia Soothes the body and aids natural sleep,angelica root and related products best for reduce following Insomnia appearance: Nervousness, low spirits and other symptoms, with a tendency to insomnia: -Shallow sleep, difficulty falling sleep, difficulty remaining asleep -Lack of willpower, low spirits -Irritability, short-temperedness, impatience, nervousness 3.1.7.1.03.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Flatulence or Aid in digestion To aid in digestion, try a cup of Angelica tea after dinner.As an appetite stimulant,it has been used to treat Anorexia Nervosa for long years from tradition. Gastrointestinal Conditions:effect to cure colic, especially in children,digestive difficulties,eases flatulence (gas/wind),eases indigestion,heartburn,stimulates and warms the digestive system,stimulates appetite,stimulates digestion,stomach and intestinal difficulties,stomach cramps with vomiting,stomach ulcers,strengthens a weak stomach 3.1.7.1.04.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Headaches Angelica(Du Huo) is a Chinese Herb that is utilized to dispel Wind and Dampness. It has been considered helpful and is prescribed to relieve pain especially chronic or acute pain in the lower back, mild headaches and toothache primarily when these symptoms are sensitive to weather. It has demonstrated anti-hypertensive and sedative qualities in animal studies. In-vitro it has been shown to have inhibitory effects on tuberculosis bacilli. Combined with other Chinese medicinal herbs it has been used as a treatment for numbness in the neck, back, and lower extremities; headaches; pain; tooth and b.d. aches. Angelica Pubescentis Maxim is of the family Apiaceae and is indigenous to China. Du Huo is commonly known for its use to alleviate pain which is effected by cold and located in the lower back, head, or teeth (ie: toothache). The source of it's first reference is thought to be the "Divine Husbandman's Classic of the Materia Medica" (Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing) of the late Han period. It is often combined with other herbs in medicinal formulas. In Chinese medicine it is considered bitter, acrid and warm. It usually harvested either in spring at first growth or in the late fall when it starts to wither Migraines are severe, recurrent headaches that are generally accompanied by other symptoms such as visual disturbances or nausea. There are two types of migraine ¨C classic and common. A classic migraine has an "aura" or warning associated with it that precedes the headache. The aura is often a visual disturbance (like seeing stars or zigzag lines or a temporary blind spot.) A common migraine does not have such a warning before the head pain begins. The experience of migraines, which affect 6 out of 100 people, tend to start between the ages of 10 and 46. More women than men have migraines. Although studies are lacking, the following herbs have been used clinically by herbal specialist to treat migraine and other types of headaches: ..Dong quai (Angelica sinensis)..Devil's claw (Harpagophytum procumbens) ..Ginger (Zingiber officinale)..Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgo biloba) ..Jamaica dogwood (Piscidia erythrina/Piscidia piscipula)..Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) ..Linden (Tilia cordata/platypus )flowers..Peppermint (Mentha x piperita) ..Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)..Willow bark (Salix spp.) 3.1.7.1.05.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Fevers,bronchial colds & digestive problems To use Angelica as a cough syrup, boil 2-3 whole Angelica roots in a quart of water. Strain and add enough honey to make it a syrupy consistency. Take two tablespoons up to 3 times per day for relief of cough and congestion. European traditions: Primarily used for bronchial colds & digestive problems. A decoction of roots &/or seeds to aid indigestion, gastritis, gas, and as an expectorant. A cup of leaf-tea will help digestion. Stress, Depression, Angina, catarrh, asthma, Gastritis, Enteritis, Colitis, migraines high cholesterol, heavy metal contamination, tonic, immune system booster, bacterial & viral infections - a virtual panacea. Used as tea, tincture, or salve. North American Aboriginal traditions: (A. atropurpurea) Smoked by Missouri tribes for colds and respiratory ailments. 3.1.7.1.06.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Skin rashes Angelica angelica (Archangelica officinalis): For thousands of years, the Chinese have been using the roots, leaves and seeds of ten angelica species to make dang-gui. a treatment for female ailments. When applied as a skin tonic or lotion, angelica has a soothing effect on the nerves of the skin. It¡¯s also used as a fragrance by perfumers. Angelica contains bergapten and xanthotoxin and, like bergamot, it can be phototoxic; however, the seed oil is not phototoxic. Angelica has antibacterial properties, and is used as a treatment for psoriasis. 3.1.7.1.07.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Wounds Angelica (Angelica archangelica): Drink the tea to stimulate the appetite, relieve flatulence, and as a diuretic to stimulate kidney action. Also a general tonic for weakness and nervous headache. The tea is supposed to bring on menstruation and dispel afterbirth. The powder of the root is useful to prevent infection when fasting (3/8 tsp at a time) and a tea or decoction of the root can be useful for stomach and intestinal problems, including ulcers and nervous vomiting. In large doses can have adverse effects on heart, blood pressure and respiration, so use with caution. Externally, a decoction of the root can be used for scabies or itching skin. 3.1.7.1.08.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Rheumatism Angelica is also said to ease the pain of arthritis. Make a Tea, and drink 1-2 cups per day. Add honey to taste for an additional sweetener, if desired. Powdered root is said to cause disgust for liquor. It has an antibacterial action, preventing the growth of various bacteria. The root contains vitamin B12, Zinc, Thiamin, Sucrose, Riboflavin, Potassium, Magnesium, Iron, Fructose, Glucose, and many other trace minerals. Externally it is used as a medicinal gargle for sore throats and mouths and as a medicinal poultice for broken bones, swellings, itching and rheumatism. 3.1.7.1.09.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Promote menstrual flow Promotes Menstruation: Although it has never been empirically proven, Angelica has a long history of being used to promote and regulate menstruation. In China, it is called don-qui. Angelica has been used for centuries as a gynecological heal-all. It has been used to promote menstruation. Because of its strong medicinal properties it has also been used to promote abortions. For that reason, WOMEN WHO ARE PREGNANT OR WHO ARE TRYING TO CONCEIVE SHOULD NOT USE ANGELICA. According to Tierra, a good way of toning and correcting amenorrhea or dysmenorrhea is to combine two parts angelica with one part each of cramp bark, blue cohosh, false unicorn root, and wild ginger. Drink as a tea. Tonifies the Blood and regulates the menses:used for Deficient Blood patterns with such symptoms as a pale ashen face, tinnitus, blurred vision, and palpitations. Dong quai is frequently used by the Chinese as a strengthening treatment for the heart, spleen, liver and kidneys. Both men and women use the herb as a general blood tonic. Dong quai contains vitamins E, A and B12. Researchers have isolated at least six coumarin derivatives that exert antispasmodic and vasodilatory effects. Antispasmodics are a remedy for menstrual cramps. The essential oil in dong quai contains Ligustilide, butylphthalide and numerous other minor components.Ferulic acid and various polysaccharides are also found in dong quai's root.These elements can prevent spasms, reduce blood clotting and relax peripheral blood vessels. Research has shown that don quai produces a balancing effect on estrogen activity. Modern treatments prescribe the herb to combat PMS and to help women resume normal menstruation after using birth control pills. The herb has been found useful in balancing and treating many female systems and cycles. Dong quai's constituents can act to stimulate the central nervous system which can remedy weakness and headaches associated with menstrual disorders. It strengthens internal reproductive organs, helps with endometriosis and internal bleeding or bruising. It relieves menopausal conditions such as vaginal dryness and hot flashes. The herb has also been used as a blood purifier, to promote blood circulation and nourish the blood in both sexes. It is high in iron content and may help to prevent iron deficiency and anemia. Studies show that it can aid in regulating blood sugar and in lowering blood pressure. Dong quai has a mild sedative effect which can relieve stress and calms the nerves. It has also be used to stimulate the uterus during childbirth, treat insomnia, alleviate constipation and for migraine headaches. The root has earned a reputation as the "ultimate herb" for women. It is used to restore balance to a woman's hormones and cycles and is helpful in restoring menstrual regularity and for conditions of the reproductive system. It is not recommended during pregnancy, for women with excessive menstrual flow or for people taking blood thinning agents. 3.1.7.1.10.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Raises estrogen levels According to Prevention,Angelica is regaining popularity as an herb that raises estrogen levels and helps fight the symptoms of PMS 3.1.7.1.11.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Induce abortions Angelica good function of Antibacterial. Antifungal. Heart strengthener. Immune system booster. Possible tumor suppressor. Blood tonifier. Excellent for heart and lung diseases. Treats an irregular heartbeat. Regular use discourages a taste for alcohol. Good for stomach trouble, gas, neuralgia, arthritis, colic, and heartburn. Change of life regulator. Super herb for female troubles. Strengthens female reproductive system and regulates hormone levels. Used as a substitute for estrogen. Improves blood flow to the uterus. Recommended for women who have stopped using birth control pills to help re-establish regular menstrual cycling. Treats anemia, weak glands, hot flashes, irregular menstruation, menopause, and PMS. Reduces swelling of the lymph nodes and psoriasis that accompanies arthritis. May cause breast enlargement. Angelica promotes blood flow, and therefore should not be used with anticoagulants. Not recommended for pregnant women. 3.1.7.1.12.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Toothaches Angelica has been extolled since antiquity for its curative powers. It strengthens the heart and stimulates the immune system. Chinese medicine uses at least ten varieties of angelica, known for its powers of fertility, fortifying the spirit and treating female disorders. Angelica has been linked with the Archangel Michael and has been called the Root of the Holy Ghost. It has also been associated with the Festival of the Annunciation and the Archangel Gabriel, as well as the Archangel Raphael. Culpeper viewed angelica as "of admirable use." He noted the uses and included some no one else had. He claimed angelica's juices dropped into the eyes or ears, would remedy dimness of sight and deafness. It would work similarly for toothaches. Powdered root, mixed with a little pitch and "laid on the biting of mad dogs or any other venomous creature, doth wonderfully help." And for open wounds; it "doth cleanse and cause them to heal quickly." 3.1.7.1.13.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Moistens the Intestines and moves stool Used for Dry Intestines from Deficient Blood,used to stop pain from Congealed Blood. Commonly used for abdominal pain, traumatic injuries, and carbuncles from Congealed Blood. 3.1.7.1.14.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Effect on the uterus As long ago as the 1920s, decoctions of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Dang Gui) on the uterus was the object of research. At that time it was shown to have a contractile effect when given intravenously to anesthetized dogs and rabbits. The exact mechanism or ingredient that is responsible for this effect has not been elucidated, but it does cause contractions in in situ uteri and relaxation in uterus specimens. In some studies using direct measurement of the myometrium, administration of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Dang Gui) enabled the contractions of the uterus to be more orderly. In the opinion of some researchers, this may be the mechanism underlying its effectiveness in treating dysmenorrhea. The herb does not appear to have any estrogenic effect. 3.1.7.1.15.Traditional Medical Use of Angelica:Antidote Folk cures -chew root to treat diarrhoea, alcohol poisoning. Antidote for Belladonna 3.1.7.2.Traditional Magical and Spiritual Use of Angelica: 3.1.7.2.1.Traditional Magical Use of Angelica:Treatment of Disorders For several thousand years. Dong quai has been cultivated for medicinal uses in the treatment of a wide variety of disorders, in particular "female disorders". It is often referred to as "female ginseng.". In Asia, angelica's reputation is perhaps second only to that of ginseng. Predominantly, regarded as a "female" remedy, angelica has been use to treat such conditions as dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation), amenorrhea (absence of menstruation), menorrhagia (abnormal menstruation, menopausal symptoms (especially hot flashes), and to assure a healthy pregnancy and easy delivery. Angelica is also used in the treatment of abdominal pain, anemia, injuries, arthritis, migraine headache, and many other conditions. Some of the pharmacological activities demonstrated include phytoestrogen activity, analgesic activity, immunomodulating activity and antibacterial activity." 3.1.7.2.2.Traditional Magical Use of Angelica:Guardian and Healer,Holy Ghost Root. Angelica Root (also known as Holy Ghost Root, Archangel Root, and Dong Quai) is widely thought to be a powerful Guardian and Healer, and to provide Strength to Women. We believe that Angelica Root is used by many people for the purpose of Warding Off Evil and bringing Good Luck in Health and Family Matters. Some folks tell us that they place the root in a white flannel bag, anoint it with Blessing Oil and keep it near the Baby for protection. Others use it in a ritual magic spell called the Fiery Wall of Protection. It is also widely claimed that dressing a whole Angelica Root and a pinch of Lavender Flowers with Peaceful Home Oil and carrying them in a blue flannel bag will bring Peace to the Home and Faithfulness to the Marriage. In America, Angelica root is commonly found in African-American mojo bags prepared for protection from evil, for uncrossing, and to break a jinx. In powdered form, it is an ingredient in sachet powders used for healing and blessing. It may also be dusted on magic candles used for protection and prayer in matters of spiritual peace and blessing. In Mexico, when an adolescent girl has suffered a bout of susto (a form of supernatural fright), she may be given a white flannel bag containing an Angelica Root and a small print of Saint Michael to carry for protection. European traditional Magical Use of Angelica: The root carried as a protective talisman. Was considered to be under the guard of angels and therefore a good preventative charm against the plague or evil in general. It gives off a pleasant but strong aroma when included in incense, may be ingested as tea or elixir, may be used in ritual bathing, burnt as an offering, or kept intact as an amulet. It has been used as a visionary herb. Properties: Useful for meditations of the self; inner light, insight and inspiration in the purpose that the self may hold for bettering the world, and the wisdom of being in touch with that part of the inner self which is immortal. Also cited as sacred to Aphrodite/Venus; North American Aboriginal traditional Use of Angelica:(A. dawsonii) Used by Blackfoot for luck, divination, and to harness collective (group) energies for ritual work; this last was considered a spiritually dangerous use of the herb. Folklore: According to one legend, (European-angelica) was revealed in a dream by an angel to cure the plague (hence the name Angelica or Archangel). All parts of the plant were believed effective against evil spirits and witchcraft. It was held in such esteem that it was called 'The Root of the Holy Ghost.' In America it was used by the Iroquois and other tribes as Witchcraft Medicine, an infusion of smashed roots was used as wash to remove ghosts from the house. Plant (fresh root) used to punish evil persons. Folklore contains legends of angelica such as that of an archangel who revealed in a vision that angelica would cure the plague (it won't). In time, angelica came to be regarded as a heaven-sent plant, and was known widely as "The root of the Holy Ghost." These country folk have good reason for dealing in angelica beyond the religious or superstitious significance of the plant. Angelica is a culinary herb of great repute. The confections made of the angelica stems, by combining them with an incredible amount of sugar are the best known uses of Angelica. It is better to try angelica in some other dish but the confection will give a good idea of the flavor of angelica. The stems may be cut and prepared like asparagus. Young leaves and shoots are used to flavor wines and liqueurs, while the stout stems are candied as a cake decoration, confection mentioned above, or cooked like rhubarb. Fresh or preserved roots have been added to snuff and used by Laplanders and North American Indians as tobacco. Pagan's believed the plant was an infallible guard against witches and evil spirits and their spells and enchantments. Peasants commonly tied angelica leaves around the necks of children to protect them from harm, and the name was evoked to assist in difficult situations. Herb of Leo:According to Culpeper, angelica "is an herb of Leo; let it be gathered when he is there, the moon applying to his good aspect; let it be gathered either in his hour or in the hour of Jupiter: let Sol be angular: observe the like in gathering the herbs of other planets, and you may happen to do wonders." 3.1.7.3.Traditional Culinary Use of Angelica: Licorice-like flavour and aroma. Dried or fresh leaves make a pleasant tea. Fresh leaves may be used as garnish or added to stews, soups, salads. Stems may be candied. Dried root may be ground and used to flavour baked goods. Has been used as a vegetable, but note Cautions. Primary ingredient in Chartreuse, used in preparation of gin and numerous herbal bitters.. Preserving:Cut stems into 5cm pieces. Boil until tender. Peel. Return to water & simmer until very green. Drain, cool, and add an equal amount by weight of sugar. Leave for 2-3 days. Bring to boil, simmer 10 minutes. Drain, spread on rack over baking tray & place in cool oven to dry Edible Uses: Young leaves in soups, veg, boiled fish dishes, rhubarb substitute, or add to rhubarbor rhubarb jam; Stems in marmalade, acid fruit desserts candied as sweetmeat for decorating & confectionary. Blanched mid ribs of leaf as spinach/celery substitute. Infusion of dried herb hot/cold has the flavour of China tea. Ingredient in Ettaler klosterlikor, Charteuse, Gin, Vermouth Muscatel grape flavour of wines from the Rhine due to its secret use. Spice Use:The Ieaves, fresh or dried, may be used in soups and stews. About a half tablespoon of the leaves to a quantity that will serve four will suffice. For best flavor, add it in the last few minutes of cooking. Angelica is most used in northern countries where it grows abundantly. In Iceland, both the stems and roots are eaten raw, with butter. All parts of the plant promote perspiration, stimulate appetite, and are used to treat ailments of the chest and digestion.The Norwegians dry and grind the roots to make bread. In Lapland the stalks are prized as a delicacy. A popular tea is infused from fresh or dried leaves. 3.1.7.4.Angelica Dosage and Administration: Although dosing for dong quai varies considerably, a common recommendation for its use to treat menstrual problems is 3000 mg to 4000 mg (3 grams to 4 grams) per day in three divided doses. Note that dong quai is usually combined with other herbals for general use. It is rarely taken by itself. If you choose to take a product containing it, follow the directions on the package of the product you purchase. 3.1.7.5.Risks: Pregnant women should not take dong quai due to its unpredictable effects on uterine muscle tone. Men with prostate cancer and women with endometriosis, breast cancer, or cancers of the uterus or ovaries should also avoid taking it. Small children and women who are breast-feeding are also advised not to take dong quai. 3.1.7.6.Side Effects: Taking dong quai appears to be associated with few major side effects, even though some of the chemicals it contains may be cancer-causing in large amounts. In the amounts used in medicine, the risk of developing cancer is not thought to be significant. Dong quai may make skin more likely to sunburn, however. 3.1.7.7.interactions with Prescription Drugs: Dong quai and herbal combination products that include it may contain chemicals called coumarins, which may increase the time blood needs to clot. When dong quai is taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs, which also lengthen bleeding time, the effect of the drug may be increased. Uncontrolled bleeding may result. *Antiplatelets include Plavix and Ticlid. *Anticoagulants include heparin and warfarin. Non-prescription Drugs Dong quai affects the ability of blood to clot after an injury. Aspirin can also delay clotting, so dong quai should not be taken at the same time as aspirin. Herbal Products: Theoretically, if dong quai is used with other herbs that affect blood clotting, bleeding may occur. Some of the most common herbal products that might inhibit blood clotting include: *Danshen *Devil's Claw *Eleuthero *Garlic *Ginger (in large amounts) *Ginkgo *Horse Chestnut *Panax Ginseng *Papain *Red Clover *Saw Palmetto Some interactions between herbal products and medications can be more severe than others. 3.2.Different cases and statistical analysis:
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4.Stimulants,Fashion,and the perspective world:4.1.Wines and liqueurs,per- fumes:Angelica has commercial value as a flavoring in wines and liqueurs and as an ingredient in per- fumes. All parts of the plant are aromatic, including the root, but the aroma of the plant has little to do with its aromatic use. The fresh root, when cut, produces a resinous gum similar to benzoin. The gum is used as a substitute for benzoin in perfumes. Some report that certain Rhine wines Owe their fine flavor to the secret use of angelica. French absinthe contains a blend of herbs, including angelica and wormwood. Both seeds and roots are used in chartreuse, the seeds help flavor gin and vermouth, and the leaves are used in preparing bitters. 4.2.Preparing bitters appetizer:Brewing your own bitters is done by combining one ounce of dried angelica, one ounce of dried holy thistle and a half-ounce of dried hops, infusing the herbs in three pints of boiling water, and straining them off after the brew has cooled. A small glass of the bitters taken before meals is supposed to be a good appetizer. 4.3.Abate the rage of lust:Herbalists express a high regard for the herb. Parkinson wrote that it "is of especial use . . . in swoonings . . . tremblings and passions of the heart, to expel any windy or noysome vapours from it. The green stalkes or the young rootes being preserved or candied are very effectual comfort and warm a cold and weake stomacke; and in the time of infection is of excellent good use to preserve the spirits and heart from infection." He wrote that it would sweeten the breath. Moreover, he claimed that taking dried, powdered root in wine or other drink would "abate the rage of lust in young persons." 4.4.Bronchial tonic:An bronchial tonic from an old herbal is made by boiling a handful of angelica root in a quart of water for three hours, straining off the fluid and adding sufficient honey to make a syrup. Two tablespoons should be taken at night and several times during the day. 4.5.Angelica as Snuff:Angelica was commonly used as snuff so that you should tuck a pinch of ground angelica = between lip=20 and gum or in the cheek. Unlike tobacco, you may swallow the juice. It's regarded as an excellent stomach tonic and remedy for the nervousness that comes from too much smoking. 4.6.
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5.All the relations of subject and market5.1.General Scope Description: 5.2.Different cases and statistical analysis:
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6.Potential or possible opinions and its form and formations:
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7.Exchangeable place or time competition:competitive ability of substitution
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8.Subject or scope for and as engineering science of subject:
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9.Some basic engineering rules of subject accordingly:
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10.Arithmetic from function:
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11.Engineering of form variation accordingly: |
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2.2.Wording Spectrum and local language identification:
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