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What is Black Cohosh ?Black Cohosh - A Lady's Herb.
Contents:
- Botanical Data of Black Cohosh.
- Narrative History of Black cohosh.
- Application and Uses of Black cohosh.
- Phytochemicals,constituents and functional mechanism of Black Cohosh.
- Historical Development of Black Cohosh.
- Modern Use and application of Black cohosh.
- Black Cohosh Physiology.
- Clinical studies of Black Cohosh.
- Dosage and other comments.
- Skunk Bugbane and Application.
- How Search engine think about black cohosh.
- Photo Gallery of Cimicifuga racemosa.
Black Cohosh Physiology.
Black cohosh is considered an emmenogogue, or a substance that promotes menstrual flow. However, secondary to its balancing effect the herb is also prescribed for excessive menstrual flow. The herb has no significant drug interactions, Black cohosh as actually shown to reduce some of the negative effects of estrogen replacement therapy.
In addition, one study concerning estrogen dependent cancer cells Black cohosh was prescribed with Tamoxifen (ant-estrogen medication). Black cohosh appeared to act synergistically (when two herbal ingredients together produce a greater effect than the two individual ingredients can produce on their own i.e. 1+1 = 3) with the cancer medication to help stop the proliferation of cancer cells of the breast.
Recent studies have also shown that black Black cohosh has an affinity for serotonin receptors in the brain which may prove beneficial to those individuals who suffer from depression. Individuals who combine Black cohosh with St. John's Wort have reported excellent results with mild depression.
Pharmacology:
Medicinally active form is an extract from the dried rhizome and roots.
Presumed active compounds are the triterpene glycosides, including cimicifugocide and 27-deoxyacetein.
Mode of Action:Mechanism of Action
Black Cohosh has been used as an analgesic.Actein has been shown to be hypotensive in cats and rabbits but not dogs. It has anti-inflammatory activity in animals and acts as a peripheral vasodilator in man. Extract of Black Cohosh creates selective reduction in luteinizing hormone (LH) levels by 20% with no effect on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or prolactin levels by acting on the hypothalamus and vasomotor centers to reduce menopausal symptoms. This suggests we do not need progesterone opposing therapy as found with HRT (Hormone Replacement Therapy) when using Black Cohosh. Black cohosh as a root extract works, but none of the single ingredient do, thus showing it is the sum total of many factors that makes it work. One of the most significant factors of using Black Cohosh over HRT is that it does not have to be consumed on a long term basis. It helps a person through the symptom stages of menopause.
In Germany, it was introduced under the brand name Remifemin in the mid-1950s, and is still being one of the prominent products used to reduce menopause symptoms in that country. Black Cohosh is currently being used by 1.5 million German women annually or nearly 10 million monthly doses. The use of this product has been shown to be more effective for common menopausal symptoms (hot flashes, vaginal atrophy, depression and anxiety) than conjugated estrogen (HRT). Many people know that one of the risks of HRT is the stimulation of estrogen receptor cancer growth in the breast and uterus. Black Cohosh has been shown to not stimulate established breast tumor, and in fact has a inhibitory effect. Black Cohosh has been shown to exert no effect on endometrium, so there is no need to oppose therapy with progesterone as is done with conventionalHRT.
Exact mechanism of action is unknown. Some extracts appear to bind to estrogenreceptor, so most researchers now consider black cohosh to be a phytoestrogen,but it may also act centrally on the CNS, possibly on the hypothalamus.
Animal studies have demonstrated suppression of LH but not FSH, and weak binding to the estrogen receptor, but a recent clinical study showed no change in LH, FSH, or estradiol in postmenopausal women given black cohosh.
Traditional Chinese:
(related spp. C. heracleifolia, C. dahurica, C. foetida, C. simplex) The flavor is sweet, pungent; with a mild, cold property. These herbs enter the Lung, Spleen, Colon and Stomach meridians. The action resolves surface, promotes eruptions, removes toxic heat, and raises yang Qi.
Folklore:
Black Cohosh is well regarded as both a nervine and as a specific for female problems. Its roots are often used for their antispasmodic and alterative properties. They are employed in many nerve formulas, in epilepsy, for soothing local pain, for headaches, and for alleviating nervous excitement.
The root was used by the Indians as an antidote for poison and snakebite, kidney ailments, malaria, female reproductive problems, rheumatism, and sore throat. It was also used by early American colonists for bronchitis, dropsy, fevers, uterine problems, malaria, nervous disorder and yellow fever.Early Eclectic practitioners also made heavy use of the plant as indicated in the publications of Schoepf (1785) and Barton (1801). From 1832-1852, Professor King introduced several uses drawing from Native American tradition and using the extracts of the day. He gave Black Cohosh great prominence.This genus was listed in Chinese medicine first in the Divine Husbandman`s Classic of the Materia Medica (Later Han Dynasty 25-220 A.D.).
Dr. Young introduced Black Cohosh as a successful cardiac tonic, especially for fatty hearts. It slightly lowers the heart rate while it increases the force of the pulse and equalizes the circulation. Black Cohosh has a stimulating effect on the secretion of the liver, spleen and lymphatic system. It has often been employed for nervousness and the afterpains of delivery. Eastern North American tribes (Cherokee, Delaware-Okl, Iroquois, Micmac) made use of Black Cohosh for colds, coughs, pediatric complaints and a number of other ailments.
Reference:
1.What is Black Cohosh ?Black Cohosh - A Lady's Herb.
last edit date:25th,Feb.2010.
- Name:Black Cohosh Extract
- Serie No:S-005.
- Specifications:Triterpene Glycoside 2.5%,5.0%,8.0%HPLC.
- INCI Name:CIMICIFUGA RACEMOSA EXTRACT
- EINECS/ELINCS No.:283-951-6
- CAS: 84776-26-1
- Chem/IUPAC Name:Cimicifuga Racemosa Extract is an extract of the roots of the black cohosh,Cimicifuga racemosa,Ranunculaceae.
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