Grape Seed Extract?Muscat, Red Wine Extract,Vitis Vinefera Seed Extract?A Powerful Antioxidant and More.
Contents
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- Basic Botanical Data of Grape Seed.
- What Is Grape Seed Extract?
- Phytochemicals and content of Grape Seed?
- History and discovery of Grape Seed Extract?
- Important differences between Grape Seed and Pine Bark
- Health Benefits of Grape Seed Extract?
- What Does OPC Grape Seed Extract Do and How Does It Work?
- Famous benefits and Some known application of Grape Seed Extract.
- Research Summary of Grape Seed Extract.
- Grape Seed Extract, A Potent Antioxidant.
- Grape Seed Extract, Quickly Absorbed.
- About Anthocyanins and Proanthocyanins.
- Grape Seed Extract:Suggestions and Administration.
- Research Update:Grape Seed Extract and Grape Skin Extract.
- Photo Gallery of Vitis vinifera.
Phytochemicals and content of Grape Seed?
Chemistry: 95% Proanthocyanidins - phenolic compounds in the form of polymers or oligomers, built of flavan-3-ol units, such as catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin,afzelechin and epiafzelechin.
The most interesting constituents of grape seeds are the polyphenols (catechins). These tannin compounds, also called Procyanidins, leucoanthocyanins, pycnogenols, or oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC), are powerful antioxidants. Commercial extracts are generally standardized for OPC content.
Grape seed Proanthocyanidins refer to procyanidin mixtures extracted from grape (Vitis vinifera) seeds. Procyanidins are derivatives of the flavan-3-o1 class of flavonoids. This class includes (+)-catechin, commonly referred to as catechin, and (-)-epicatechin, commonly referred to as epicatechin. Procyanidins are dimers and oligomers of catechin and epicatechin and their gallic acid esters. Procyanidins are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and, in addition to being found in grape seeds, are found in cocoa and chocolate, apples, peanuts, almonds, cranberries, blueberries and in the bark of pines, among other plant sources.
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Grape seed Proanthocyanidins are mainly comprised of dimers, trimers and tetramers of catechin and epicatechin and their Gallates. They also contain smaller amounts of pentamers, hexamers and heptamers of these flavan-3-o1s and their Gallates. The procyanidin dimers and oligomers are also known as oligomeric procyanidins (OPCs) and procyanidolic oligomers or PCOs. Grape seed proanthocyanidins comprise approximately 60 to 70% of the polyphenol content of grapes. The procyanidins are colorless in their pure state.
Grape leaves and presumably seeds also contain flavonoids, and the skin and seeds are the source of several recently identified compounds known as 5-nucleotidase inhibitors.
Chemical analysis has revealed that PCOs have an antioxidant capacity some 50 times greater than Vitamin C or Vitamin E. Thus, one of the most important roles of PCOs is as free radical scavengers. They are known to take out hydroxyl free radicals and lipid peroxides and may, therefore, be protective against other free radicals of both water- and fat-soluble types. They also seem to inhibit a number of enzymes that can degrade connective tissues (hyaluronidase, elastase, and collagenase).
Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins (OPC's). Grape Seed Extract provides a concentrated source of OPC's, which are unique flavonols with excellent bioavailability and extremely powerful antioxidant activity, clinical studies indicate that they are fifty times more potent then Vitamin E and a hundred times more effective then Vitamin C. OPC's also repair and strengthen connective tissue, including that of the blood vessels and the cardiovascular system. They also have anti-inflammatory, anti-ageing and anti-carcinogenic action.
Grape seed proanthocyanidins are mainly comprised of dimers, trimers and tetramers of catechin and epicatechin and their gallates. They also contain smaller amounts of pentamers, hexamers and heptamers of these flavan-3-o1s and their gallates. The procyanidin dimers and oligomers are also known as oligomeric procyanidins (OPCs) and procyanidolic oligomers or PCOs. Grape seed proanthocyanidins comprise approximately 60 to 70% of the polyphenol content of grapes. The procyanidins are colorless in their pure state.
The oil pressed from grape seeds contains a number of essential fatty acids and is rich in Vitamin E compounds.
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Reference:
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- Grape Seed Extract?Muscat, Red Wine Extract,Vitis Vinefera Seed Extract?A Powerful Antioxidant and More.
Article Information:
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