Wild Yam.Dioscorea villosa and Phytochemicals.

Botanical Description of Wild Yam.Dioscorea Villosa.

Wild Yam Extract INCI Name Dioscorea Villosa Extract DIOSCOREA VILLOSA EXTRACT EINECS ELINCS No.290-441-7 CAS:90147-49-2 Dioscin.19057-60-4.Diosgenin.512-04-9.photo picture image Dioscorea is an herbaceous twining perennial common in China main land,Mexico,the eastern and central United States. Twining in hedges,and over bushes and fences,the thin,woolly,reddish-brown stem grows up to 6m long.

The slender, tuberous rootstock is crooked and laterally branched.Broadly ovate and cordate,the leaves are from 5-15cm long and 3-12cm wide,glabrous on top,and finely hairy underneath.They are usually alternate, but the lower leaves sometimes grow in twos and fours.The small, greenish-yellow flowers bloom during June and July, the male flowers in drooping panicles,the female in drooping,spicate racemes.
The fruit is a three-winged capsule containing winged seeds.

Introduction:When it was decided to review the wild yam and related Dioscorea species it was probably in ignorance of the complexity of the task. This is a fascinating plant with many uses in folk lore and also in the history of the development of modern pharmacy. The number of species is quite overwhelming (over 600) and the ethnobotanical use most interesting.

Harvest and Processing:

Dig out rhizomes in winter; cut off top part of roots; remove cork and fine roots; wash clean; dry under the sun to produce 'Mao shanyao'(Hairy Common Yam Rhizome). Alternatively, choose the plump and uncurved Mao shanyao and put into fresh water; soak thoroughly; knead on wooden boards until cylindrical; cut both ends cleanly; dry under the sun and polish to produce 'Guang shanyao'(Glabrous Common Yam Rhizome).

Mao shanyao: Slightly cylindrical, curved and slightly flattened; 15-30 cm long, 1.5-6 cm in diameter; outer surface yellowishwhite or pale yellow, marked with longitudinal grooves, longitudinal wrinkles and scars of fine roots, and occasionally with remnants of light brown cork. Heavy; hard and solid, does not break easily; when broken, surface white and starchy. Taste: mild and slightly sour, sticky when chewed.

Guang shanyao: Cylindrical, both ends even; 9-18 cm long, 1.5-3 cm in diameter; outer surface smooth, white or yellowish-white. Commonly seen in the form of angled-cut and length-wise cut slices.

Reference:

1.Wild Yam.Dioscorea villosa and Phytochemicals.

last edit date:1st,Mar.2010.

Available Product

Name:Wild Yam Extract
Serie No:S-030.
Specifications:Dioscin 6%12%20%HPLC
INCI Name:DIOSCOREA VILLOSA EXTRACT
EINECS/ELINCS No.:290-441-7
CAS:90147-49-2,Dioscin 19057-60-4,Diosgenin 512-04-9.
Chem/IUPAC Name:Dioscorea Villosa Extract is an extract of the rhizomes of the wild yam,Dioscorea villosa,Dioscoreaceae

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