Dandelion was first mentioned in Chinese herbals as late as the 7th century, and in Europe it first appears in the Ortus Sanitatis of 1485.It was used by the Arabian physicians of the 10th and 11th centuries. It's common name was apparently invented by a 15th century surgeon, who compared the shape of the leaves to a lion's tooth, or dens lionis.
In the West, the root and leaves are distinct remedies, but the Chinese use the whole plant, which they call pu gong ying; it is used as a galactagogue. A second oriental species, T.mongolicum, is used by the Chinese as a diuretic and liver stimulant, and to treat mastitis. Both are believed to clear heat and toxins from the blood and are also used for boils and abscesses.
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Basic Instruction
Dandelion and Taraxacum officinale.Dandelion extract.
Dandelion Root (Taraxacum officinale)
Latin Name: Taraxacum officinale - A well-known herbal bitter;Herba Taraxaci
Plant species: Taraxacum dens leonis Desr.
Family:Asteraceae (Compositae)
CAS n.: 68990-74-9
Origin and Habitat: Dandelion is a perennial plant growing almost everywhere. Widely distributed throughout most of the world as a "troublesome weed."
Medicinal Parts Used: The whole plant(roots, leaves, stems, flowers) can be used medicinally. The fresh and dried root, young tops. All parts of the plant contain a somewhat bitter, milky juice (latex), but the juice of the root being still more powerful is the part of the plant most used for medicinal purposes.
Description:Dandelion
Dandelion(Taraxacum) is a native of western Europe where it grows in meadows, fields and fallow land. It originated in Central Asia, but now grows almost anywhere in the world, preferring moist conditions. It has a rosette of characteristic 'lion's tooth' leaves, from the centre of which arises the hollow stem bearing the yellow capitulate flowerhead made up of 200 or more ligulate bisexual florets. These give way to the familiar 'fairy clock'. The long taproot arises from a short rhizome. All the underground parts are covered with a dark brown bark, but are almost white inside and, like the stem, produce a bitter-tasting white milky sap.
When collecting the seeds care should be taken when drying them in the sun, to cover them with coarse muslin, as otherwise the down will carry them away. They are best collected in the evening, towards sunset, or when the damp air has caused the heads to close up.
The tops should be cut on a dry day, when quite free of rain or dew, and all insect-eaten or stained leaves rejected.
From its thick tap root, dark brown, almost black on the outside though white and milky within, the long jagged leaves rise directly, radiating from it to form a rosette Iying close upon the ground, each leaf being grooved and constructed so that all the rain falling on it is conducted straight to the centre of the rosette and thus to the root which is, therefore, always kept well watered. The maximum amount of water is in this manner directed towards the proper region for utilization by the root, which but for this arrangement would not obtain sufficient moisture, the leaves being spread too close to the ground for the water to penetrate.
The leaves are shiny and without hairs, the margin of each leaf cut into great jagged teeth, either upright or pointing somewhat backwards, and these teeth are themselves cut here and there into lesser teeth. It is this somewhat fanciful resemblance to the canine teeth of a lion that (it is generally assumed) gives the plant its most familiar name of Dandelion, which is a corruption of the French Dent de Lion, an equivalent of this name being found not only in its former specific Latin name Dens leonis and in the Greek name for the genus to which Linnaeus assigned it, Leontodon, but also in nearly all the languages of Europe.
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is a common meadow herb of the Asteraceae or sunflower family. There are about 100 species of dandelion, and all are beneficial. This sun-loving beauty is a native of Greece, naturalized in temperate regions throughout the world, and familiar to nearly everyone. The perennial dandelion grows freely wherever it can find a bit of earth and a place in the sun. Dandelion's nutritive and medicinal qualities have been known for centuries.
Dandelion may be distinguished from other similar-looking herbs by the hollow, leafless flower stems that contain a bitter milky-white liquid also found in the root and leaves. The dark green dandelion leaves, with their irregular, deeply jagged margins, have a distinctive hairless mid-rib. The leaves are arranged in a rosette pattern, and may grow to 1.5 ft (45.7 cm) in length. They have alovely magenta tint that extends up along the inner rib of the stalkless leaf. When the plant is used as a dye, it yields this purple hue. Dandelion blossoms are singular and round, with compact golden-yellow petals. They bloom from early spring until well into autumn atop hollow stalks that may reach from 4¨C8 in (10.2ndash;20.3 cm) tall. The golden blossoms yield a pale yellow dye for wool. After flowering, dandelion develops a round cluster of achenes, or seed cases. As many as 200 of these narrow seed cases, each with a single seed, form the characteristic puffball. Each achene is topped with a white, feathery tuft to carry it on the breeze. Dandelion's tap root may grow fat, and reach as deep as 1.5 ft (45.7 cm) in loose soil. The root has numerous hairy rootlets. Dandelion is a hardy herb and will regrow from root parts left in the ground during harvest.
Distribution and cultivation:Dandelion
The Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale, Weber, T. Densleonis, Desf; Leontodon taraxacum, Linn.), though not occurring in the Southern Hemisphere, is at home in all parts of the north temperate zone, in pastures, meadows and on waste ground, and is so plentiful that farmers everywhere find it a troublesome weed, for though its flowers are more conspicuous in the earlier months of the summer, it may be found in bloom, and consequently also prolifically dispersing its seeds, almost throughout the year.
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is native to Greece. Young Dandelion leaves are used as a food in salads or cooked as greens. The root has a long history of use as an herbal remedy, as a food, and in beverages.
Imaginative Sign of Tradition from Dadelion: Some quaint traditions are:
To blow the seeds off a ripened head is to carry your thoughts to a loved one, near or far
To dream of Dandelion was though to bring ill fortune
When a ripened dandelion head falls without the wind's help it is a sign of rain
Origin:Dandelion
Dandelion is a weedy perennial herb of the genus Taraxacum of the family Asteraceae. Native to Eurasia, it is widespreaded throughout much of the temperate regions around the globe. The most familiar species is T. officinale. The Chinese use mainly T. mongolium Hand. Mazz. as the herb, but other plants of the same genus are also used.
Dandelion has a rosette of leaves at the base of the plant; a deep taproot; a smooth, hollow stem; leaves that may be nearly smooth-margined, toothed, or deeply cut; and a solitary yellow flower head composed only of ray flowers (no disk flowers). The fruit is a ball-shaped cluster of many small, tufted, one-seeded fruits. The bitter young leaves are used in salads, and the roots can be used to make a coffee-like beverage.
The herb uses the whole plant with roots. Harvested in summer and autumn, it is washed clean, dried in the sun and used when fresh or when raw.
Archeology and Name Origin of Dandelion:
Name Origin:
Dandelion's common name is derived from the French dent de lion, a reference to the irregular and jagged margins of the lance-shaped leaves. There are numerous folk names for this widely-used herb. They include pissabed, Irish daisy, blow ball, lion's tooth, bitterwort, wild endive, priest's crown, doonheadclock, yellow gowan, puffball, clock flower, swine snort, fortune-teller, and cankerwort. The generic name is thought to be derived from the Greek words taraxos, meaning disorder, and akos, meaning remedy. Another possible derivation is from the Persian tark hashgun, meaning wild endive, one of dandelion's common names. The specific designation officinale indicates that this herb was officially listed as a medicinal. Dandelion held a place in the United States National Formulary from 1888 until 1965, and the dried root of dandelion is listed in the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP).
The first mention of the Dandelion as a medicine is in the works of the Arabian physicians of the tenth and eleventh centuries, who speak of it as a sort of wild Endive, under the name of Taraxcacon. In this country, we find allusion to it in the Welsh medicines of the thirteenth century. Dandelion was much valued as a medicine in the times of Gerard and Parkinson, and is still extensively employed.
History: The first mention of Dandelion as a medicine is in the works of the Arabian physicians of the tenth and eleventh centuries and in Welsh medicines of the thirteenth century.
Its botanical name Taraxacum comes from the Greek taraxos, 'to stir up or exciten, disorder', and akos, 'remedy'
and the name Dandelion comes from the French dent-de-lion, which refers to the toothed shape of the leaves.
There is some doubt, however, as to whether it was really the shape of the leaves that provided the original notion, as there is really no similarity between them, but the leaves may perhaps be said to resemble the angular jaw of a lion fully supplied with teeth. Some authorities have suggested that the yellow flowers might be compared to the golden teeth of the heraldic lion, while others say that the whiteness of the root is the feature which provides the resemblance. Fl¨¹ckiger and Hanbury in Pharmacographia, say that the name was conferred by Wilhelm, a surgeon, who was so much impressed by the virtues of the plant that he likened it to Dens leonis. In the Ortus Sanitatis, 1485, under 'Dens Leonis,' there is a monograph of half a page (unaccompanied by any illustration) which concludes:
'The Herb was much employed by Master Wilhelmus, a surgeon, who on account of its virtues, likened it to "eynem lewen zan, genannt zu latin Dens leonis" (a lion's tooth, called in Latin Dens leonis).'
In the pictures of the old herbals, for instance, the one in Brunfels' Contrafayt Kreuterbuch, 1532, the leaves very much resemble a lion's tooth. The root is not illustrated at all in the old herbals, as only the herb was used at that time.
The name of the genus, Taraxacum, is derived from the Greek taraxos (disorder), and akos (remedy), on account of the curative action of the plant. A possible alternative derivation of Taraxacum is suggested in The Treasury of Botany:
'The generic name is possibly derived from the Greek taraxo ("I have excited" or "caused") and achos (pain), in allusion to the medicinal effects of the plant.'
There are many varieties of Dandelion leaves; some are deeply cut into segments, in others the segments or lobes form a much less conspicuous feature, and are sometimes almost entire.
The shining, purplish flower-stalks rise straight from the root, are leafless, smooth and hollow and bear single heads of flowers. On picking the flowers, a bitter, milky juice exudes from the broken edges of the stem, which is present throughout the plant, and which when it comes into contact with the hand, turns to a brown stain that is rather difficult to remove.
Each bloom is made up of numerous strapshaped florets of a bright golden yellow. This strap-shaped corolla is notched at the edge into five teeth, each tooth representing a petal, and lower down is narrowed into a claw-like tube, which rests on the singlechambered ovary containing a single ovule. In this tiny tube is a copious supply of nectar, which more than half fills it, and the presence of which provides the incentive for the visits of many insects, among whom the bee takes first rank. The Dandelion takes an important place among honey-producing plants, as it furnishes considerable quantities of both pollen and nectar in the early spring, when the bees' harvest from fruit trees is nearly over. It is also important from the beekeeper's point of view, because not only does it flower most in spring, no matter how cool the weather may be, but a small succession of bloom is also kept up until late autumn, so that it is a source of honey after the main flowers have ceased to bloom, thus delaying the need for feeding the colonies of bees with artificial food.
Dandelion extracts? Phytochemicals of Dandelion:
What it does: Dandelion extract has been used for generations as a medicine for conditions such as fevers, diarrhea, fluid retention, breast problems and liver diseases. Its main use as an ergogenic aid is as a diuretic (to decrease water retention). It often is combined with other diuretic agents (such as horsetail extract) to magnify results.
Dandelion, the enemy of suburban lawns, happens to be a very nutritious food and has been used for medicinal purposes since the 10th century. The leaves contain substantial levels of vitamins A, C, D, and B complex as well as iron, magnesium, zinc,potassium, manganese, copper, chlorine, calcium, boron, and silicon.
The substances eudesmanolide and germacranolide are the active constituents in dandelion and are unique to this plant.
Dandelion Nutritional Content:Dandelion contains lactupicrine, a bitter principle, tannin, insulin, a latex-like substance, polysaccharides, and carotene.
Phytochemicals of Dandelion Herb:
Dandelions are one of nature's richest green vegetable sources of beta-carotene, from which vitamin A is created (14,000 IU/100 g leaf vs. 11,000 IU/100 g in carrots). They are also a very good source of fiber, potassium (297 mg or 7.6 mEq/100 mg leaf), iron, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, thiamine and riboflavin. Sodium and vitamins C and D are also present.
Chemical Constituents: Bitter glycosides, carotenoids, terpenoids, choline,potassium salts, vitamin A, vitamin D,vitamin C,various B vitamins,iron,silicon,magnesium,zinc, and manganese.
Naturally rich in potassium and lecithin.
Generally, Dadelion contains:calcium salts,choline(for cholesterol distribution),gluten,gum,Inulin,Laevulin(early in the season),uncrystalizable sugar (early in the season).manganese,potash,potassium (vital to proper kidney function and muscle tone),sodium,sulphur,Taraxaceron, acrid resin,Taraxacin, crystalline bitter substance
Vitamines:vitamins A (contains more than carrots),vitamin B,vitamin C,vitamin D.
Acids:Dandelions contain acids including caffeic, p-hydroxyphenyl-acetic, chlorogenic, oleic, palmitic acids, and the fatty acids linoleic and linolenic. Other acids found are gallic and ascorbic acids.
Sesquiterpene lactones(bitters); taraxinic acid (taraxacin),tetrahydroridentin B.
Terpenoids:The plant also contains terpenoids, sesquiterpenes (responsible for the bitter taste), triterpenes (beta-amyrin, taraxol and taraxerol), luteolin and the glycoside apigenin. Other reported constituents in dandelion include choline, inulin, pectin, glutin, gum, resin, sterols (Beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, taraxasterol, homotaraxasterol) coumestrol and sugars (fructose, sucrose, glucose).
Reports are available evaluating fructofuranosidases from dandelion roots,taraxinic acid 1¡ä-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and furan fatty acid content.
Dandelion's active phytochemicals are found in both the roots and leaves.The leaves contains bitter sesquiterpene lactones such as taraxinic acids and inulin,Potassium is present in the level at 297 mg per 100 grams of levels.the leaves also contain substantial amounts of Vitamin A(14,000 units per 100 grams of leaves,compared with 11,000 units per 100 grams of carrots).
The sesquiterpene lactones found in both leaves and root have demonstrated diuretic effects.They also stimulate bile flow from the liver.Different compounds may be present in different products depending on extraction methods.For example, the alcoholic extracts stimulate bile excretion whereas the aqueous extracts have no such effects.
Constituents:
Sesquiterpene lactones; taraxacoside (an acylated [[gamma]]-butyrolactone glycoside) & at least 4 others of the eudesmanolide, germacranolide & tetragydroridentin types
Triterpenes;taraxol, taraxerol, [[psi]]-tarazasterol, beta-amyrin, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol Phenolic acids; caffeic acids and rho-hydroxyphenylacetic acids
Polysaccharides; glucans and mannans and inulin
Carotenoids such as lutein and violaxanthin
Dandelion is a source of potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus and iron. The leaves are a richer source of Vitamins A than carrots and contain some amounts of B, C and D. The root contains bitter glycosides, tannins, triterpenes, sterols, volatile oil, choline, asparagin, and inulin.
The chief constituents of Dandelion root are Taraxacin, acrystalline, bitter substance, of which the yield varies in roots collected at different seasons, and Taraxacerin, an acrid resin, with Inulin (a sort of sugar which replaces starch in many of the Dandelion family, Compositae), gluten, gum and potash. The root contains no starch, but early in the year contains much uncrystallizable sugar and laevulin, which differs from Inulin in being soluble in cold water. This diminishes in quantity during the summer and becomes Inulin in the autumn. The root may contain as much as 24 per cent. In the fresh root, the Inulin is present in the cell-sap, but in the dry root it occurs as an amorphodus, transparent solid, which is only slightly soluble in cold water, but soluble in hot water.
There is a difference of opinion as to the best time for collecting the roots. The British Pharmacopceia considers the autumn dug root more bitter than the spring root, and that as it contains about 25 per cent insoluble Inulin, it is to be preferred on this account to the spring root, and it is, therefore, directed that in England the root should be collected between September and February, it being considered to be in perfection for Extract making in the month of November.
Bentley, on the other hand, contended that it is more bitter in March and most of all in July, but that as in the latter month it would generally be inconvenient for digging it, it should be dug in the spring, when the yield of Taraxacin, the bitter soluble principle, is greatest.
On account of the variability of the constituents of the plant according to the time of year when gathered, the yield and composition of the extract are very variable. If gathered from roots collected in autumn, the resulting product yields a turbid solution with water; if from spring-collected roots, the aqueous solution will be clear and yield but very little sediment on standing, because of the conversion of the Inulin into Laevulose and sugar at this active period of the plant's life.
In former days, Dandelion Juice was the favourite preparation both in official and domestic medicine. Provincial druggists sent their collectors for the roots and expressed the juice while these were quite fresh. Many country druggists prided themselves on their Dandelion Juice. The most active preparations of Dandelion, the Juice (Succus Taraxaci) and the Extract (Extractum Taraxaci), are made from the bruised fresh root. The Extract prepared from the fresh root is sometimes almost devoid of bitterness. The dried root alone was official in the United States Pharmacopoeia.
The leaves are not often used, except for making Herb-Beer, but a medicinal tincture is sometimes made from the entire plant gathered in the early summer. It is made with proof spirit.
Dandelion Root Holistic Extract Containing: Water, Glycerol, Root Extractives, 15% Grain Alcohol (left after extraction as a preservative), Triacetic Glycerol, phosphatidylcholine (Lecithin), Mixed Tocopherols (a Natural source of Vitamin E), less than 1% Gum Arabic and/or Sodium Caseinate (protein) as emulsifiers.
The verdict: Several research studies have shown that dandelion extract does help to reduce fluid retention. However, the actual amount of water loss is slight - about one pound or so in the short-term. What's more, the studies suggest that it also causes a corresponding decrease in metabolic rate, which can result in increased fat deposition (although effects on metabolism aren't that great, either). Since diuretics do alter hormonal regulation and other bodily processes, there also is a question as to whether the herb might cause side effects. Further research is needed to clarify this issue. In final analysis, dandelion extract might have some marginal utility if you are competing in a fitness show or need to drop a little water for a certain occasion. But overall, the benefits are modest, at best, and the prospect of side-effects raises sends up a red flag.
Dandelion roots include: inulin (approx. 25% variable throughout year), triterpenes (taraxol, taraxerol, taraxasterol, beta-amyrin, homotaraxasterol), phytosterols (stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol), phenolic acids (caffeic and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid), sesquiterpene lactones of eudes-manolide type (tetrahydroridentin B and taraxacolide) and germacranolide type (taraxinic acid and 11,13-dihydrotaraxinic acid glucoside; bitter tasting subtances)glutin, gum and potash.
Dandelion leaves contain: leutin, violaxamthin and other carotenoids; sesquiterpene lactones (germacramolides taraxinic acid glucoside and 11,13-dihydrotaraxinic acid; triterpenes (cycloartenol) and phytosterols (beta-sitoserol, stigmasterol and campesterol); coumarins (scopoletin and euculetin); and minerals, especially potassium.(4%)
Dandelion contains (per 100 gm): Vitamin A (8400 IU), thiamine (0.19 mg), riboflavin (0.26 mg), Vitamin C (35 mg root, 73 mg leaves), niacin and choline, calcium (187 mg), phosphorus (66 mg), sodium (76 mg), potassium (297 mg), protein (2.7 g), fats (0.7 g) and iron (3.1 mg).(2-7) In the spring, the plant contains mannite or mannitol.
Traditional and Contemporary Use:
Traditional Use:
Both dandelion leaf and root have been used for centuries to treat liver, gall bladder, and kidney ailments, weak digestion, and rheumatism. They are also considered mildly laxative. The fresh root or its preparations are thought to be more potent than the dried root. The leaves have traditionally been used as a diuretic.
Digestive and hepatic tonic;cholagogue;diuretic;laxative;detoxifier,slightly aperient.Also used for the treatment of cardiac and hepatogenous edema (dropsy and ascites respectively), gallbladder inflammation and gallstones, fevers, boils, eye problems, diarrhea, fluid retention, liver congestion, heartburn, and various skin and breast problems, liver diseases, appendicitis, and digestive ailments (a bitter tonic in atonic dyspepsia, and as a mild laxative in habitual constipation.)
Recommendation:As an addition to the daily diet, take three capsules three times daily,preferably with food.
Dandelion root is recommended for the liver.Dandelion root also purifies the blood,increases bile production and improves the function of the spleen, pancreas, stomach and kidneys. It can be used for gout, anemia, rheumatism, cirrhosis, hepatitis, boils, cramps, fluid retention, constipation and breast tumors. This contains biotin, choline, fats, inositol, linolenic acid, pantothenic acid, lactupicrine, inulin, magnesium, niacin, PABA, iron, manganese, phosphorus, potash, sulphur, protein, calcium, chromium, vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, B12, C, E and zinc.
Folklore:
Being a general stimulant and alterative, Dandelion's strongest influence is on the liver and kidneys. It is considered one of the strongest cholagogues of all botanicals. It has also been used as a high nutrient food, applied in cases of dyspepsia, as a mild laxative, to increase appetite and promote digestion. The latex is excellent for getting rid of warts (apply 3 times daily for seven days).
Dandelion was used by Arabian physicians in the 10th-11th centuries. It was mentioned in Welsh herbals in the 13th century. It is prominent in Gerard`s Herbal (1597) appearing throughout herbals from the 16th to 18th centuries. Eclectics of the 1800's and the early 1900's also listed Dandelion as a major herb. This genus has been listed in Chinese medicine since the Tang Materia Medica (659 AD). It has had a significant history of use in Ayurvedic medicine also. Dandelion appears in the ethnobotanical literature of over a dozen North American Indian tribes, even as far afield as the Aleuts of Alaska. Its application is very broad but dermatological, analgesic and gastrointestinal problems seem to be prominent uses.
General use of Dandelion:
Dandelion has a long history of folk use. Early colonists brought the herb to North America. The native people soon recognized the value of the herb and sought it out for its medical and nutritious benefits. The entire plant is important as a general tonic, particularly as a liver tonic. It may be taken as an infusion of the leaf, a juice extraction, a root decoction, or a tincture. Fresh leaves may be added to salads or cooked as a potherb. The juice extracted from the stem and leaf is the most potent part of the plant for medicinal purposes. It has been used to eradicate warts and soothe calluses, bee stings, or sores. Infusions of dandelion blossoms have been used as a beautifying facial, refreshing the skin.
Dandelion is a nutritive herb rich in potassium, calicum, and lecithin, with iron, magnesium, niacin, phosphorus, proteins, silicon, boron, and zinc. Dandelion provides several B vitamins along with vitamins C and E as well as vitamin P. Chemical constituents in the leaf include bitter glycosides, carotenoids, terpenoids, choline, potassium salts, iron, and other minerals. The root also has bitter glycosides, tannins, triterpenes, sterols, volatile oil, choline, asparagin, and inulin.
Many herbalists regard the dandelion as an effective treatment for liver disease, useful even in such extreme cases as cirrhosis. It cleanses the bloodstream and increases bile production, and is a good remedy for gall bladder problems as well. The herb is also a boon to such other internal organs as the pancreas, kidneys, stomach, and spleen. The dried leaf, taken as a tea, is used as a mild laxative to relieve constipation. Dandelion leaf is also a good natural source of potassium, and will replenish any potassium that may be lost due to the herb's diuretic action on the kidneys. This characteristic makes dandelion a safe diuretic in cases of water retention due to heart problems. The herb is useful in cases of anemia and hepatitis, and may lower elevated blood pressure. Dandelion may also provide relief for rheumatism and arthritis. Dandelion therapy, consisting of therapeutic doses of dandelion preparations taken over time, may help reduce stiffness and increase mobility in situations of chronic degenerative joint disease. The root, dried and minced, can used as a coffee substitute, sometimes combined with roasted acorns and rye.
Dandelion leaves are commonly recommended as a food supplement for pregnant and postmenopausal women because of the numerous nutrients they contain. This plant produces a mild diuretic effect and reduces serum cholesterol levels. Dandelion root is used to improve appetite and minor digestive problems. Some modern naturopathic physicians believe that it can help detoxify the liver and gallbladder. It shows proven value as a diuretic, flushing excess water from the body. It is believed by many experts to promote the flow of bile and stimulates the appetite. Dandelion juice once was quite popular as a diuretic, laxative, and remedy for rheumatism.
Dandelion is considered a remedy for the following conditions: Appetite loss;Indigestion;Kidney and bladder stones;Liver and gallbladder problems;Urinary tract infections
Current Uses of Dandelion:
Currently, dandelion is used very little in Western herbal medicine. In the past and in other parts of the world, however, its flowers, leaves, and roots have been taken orally to treat a number of conditions that include arthritis, cancer, diabetes, gout, liver ailments, heartburn and rheumatism. Some evidence from case reports suggests that the roots of dandelion may have weak diuretic and laxative properties ?which means that they may slightly increase the loss of urine and solid waste from the body. In a study conducted more than 40 years ago, high doses of dandelion leaf increased urination in laboratory mice. Due to this possible ability to increase water elimination from the body, dandelion root has been promoted for weight loss, even though dandelion leaves have also been used to stimulate the appetite and improve digestion. No human studies have been conducted to either support or challenge any of these findings, however.
In laboratory animals, dandelion has been tested for lowering both blood sugar and cholesterol levels. Although one laboratory study showed potential ability for dandelion to increase the production of insulin, results are inconclusive for its actual effect on blood sugar. In one study, when rabbits that were not diabetic were given dandelion, a slight decrease in blood sugar levels was seen. Other studies found no effect on blood sugar in either diabetic or non-diabetic animals. A separate study found that an extract of dandelion lowered triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) while increasing the blood cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in laboratory rats with artificially-induced diabetes. Much more study including studies in humans is needed before dandelion can be recommended for treating diabetes, high cholesterol, or any other condition.
Currently, topical use of dandelion is not common, but in the past, it has been used for treating bruises and other minor skin conditions. In folk medicine, warts are sometimes treated with juice made by crushing the leaves of the dandelion plant.
Dandelion is extremely versatile, as the whole plant can be used for medicinal purposes as well as for culinary uses. As a medicinal plant, dandelion has been considered to be an aperient, diuretic, stimulant, stomachic, tonic, and detoxicant. Dandelion leaves are unique as a diuretic. Dandelion leaves contain significant amounts of potassium, a mineral generally lost when using conventional medications. It is an ideal diuretic for heart problems and hypertension (high blood pressure). Dandelion is a natural diuretic that increases urine production by promoting the excretion of salts and water from the kidney. Dandelion tea has been used against fever, insomnia, jaundice, rheumatism, eczema and other skin diseases, and constipation.
The dandelion sap, leaves, and root extracts are ingested for its diuretic properties. They're used to stimulate stomach secretions and aid in digestion, to relieve constipation and control diarrhea, to stimulate bile production, to treat liver disorders, to prevent or lower high blood pressure, to relieve the pain of endometriosis, and to inhibit plaque buildup on teeth. Leaves are also used to treat high blood pressure because of their ability to reduce the volume of fluid in the body. Fresh or dried dandelion herbs are also used as a mild appetite stimulant and to improve upset stomach. Dandelion cleanses the bloodstream and increases bile production, and is a good remedy for gall bladder problems. Dandelion root encourages steady elimination of toxins. It works on the liver, the kidneys and the gallbladder to accelerate the removal of toxins from the body. Dandelion also treats arthritic conditions, which include osteoarthritis and gout.
Medicinal Action and Function of Dandelion:
1.Aperient:a mild stimulant for the bowels; a gentle purgative.
2.Anti-rheumatic:eases the symptoms of rheumatism.
3.Astringent:a binding agent that contracts organic tissue, reducing secretions or discharges of mucous and fluid from the body.
4.Blood purifier:an agent to purify the blood.
5.Cholagogue:an agent that increases the secretion and expulsion of urine.(an ideally balanced diuretic that may be safely used with great frequency)
6.Detergent:an agent that cleanses wounds and sores of diseased or dead matter.
7.Diuretic, tonic and slightly aperient. It is a general stimulant to the system, but especially to the urinary organs, and is chiefly used in kidney and liver disorders.
Dandelion is not only official but is used in many patent medicines. Not being poisonous, quite big doses of its preparations may be taken. Its beneficial action is best obtained when combined with other agents.
In the hepatic complaints of persons long resident in warm climates, Dandelion is said to afford very marked relief. A broth of Dandelion roots, sliced and stewed in boiling water with some leaves of Sorrel and the yolk of an egg, taken daily for some months, has been known to cure seemingly intractable cases of chronic liver congestion.
8.laxative:an agent promoting evacuation of the bowels; a mild purgative.
9.Stimulant:an agent that excites or quickens the functional activity of the tissues giving more energy.
10.Stomachic:an agent that strengthens, stimulates or tones the stomach.
11.Sudorific:an agent that promotes or increases perspiration.
12.Tonic:an agent that strengthens or invigorates organs or the entire organism.
Mode of Action:Mechanism or How Dandelion Works in the Body?
The leaves contain a high amount of potassium, which balances their function as a powerful diuretic. This is in contrast to orthodox diuretics, which need a potassium supplement to balance the requirements of the body. In Chinese terms dandelion resolves painful urinary ailments. The root functions differently, being used to treat the liver to improve its function, and as a mild laxative. In Chinese usage, dandelion is indicated for heat disorders, especially in the liver, where there are red, swollen, and painful eyes, and for damp-heat jaundice. Both leaf and root act as a tonic to the gallbladder. Its detoxifying properties are thought to have a beneficial effect on removing the effects of pollution on the body. In addition, the Chinese use it where there are firm or hard abscesses, especially involving the breast and digestive system. For these dandelion can be used internally and topically. In women who are breastfeeding, dandelion is used to promote lactation. The Chinese properties are those of bitter, sweet, and cold.
Even though this plant is extremely common and was once an official drug, little information is available on its mode of action. Dandelion leaves have diuretic and saluretic action better than the root. They also deliver a good supply of potassium, useful with a diuretic. Dandelion root is known to be an excellent blood cleanser, specifically for the liver, as well as a mild laxative. Inulin, one of the major chemicals in Dandelion, is currently being studied extensively for its immunostimulatory function (see Echinacea). Inulin is also used to strengthen the kidneys and as a pancreatic aid. Some studies have indicated a hypoglycemic effect of Dandelion. It is active against two tumor systems and stimulates macrophage action.This may explain the Chinese use of Dandelion for breast cancer over thousands of years, as well as the alterative properties European herbalists attribute to this herb..The latex is known to be phototoxic with a weak antibiotic effect against Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The latex has also been shown to be very effective for removing warts and is presently under study for its effects on eczema and psoriasis. The Chinese use the seeds as a strong antibiotic in the cases of lung infections. Bitter sesquiterpenes increase bile secretions in rats by more than 40%. Dandelion has a long tradition of being used for rheumatic conditions and to reduceinflamations.
Properties: Bitter and sweet in flavor, cold in nature, it is related to the liver and stomach channels.
Functions: Clears away heat, removes toxic substances, relieves boils, resolves masses and induces diuresis to relieve strangury (slow and painful discharge of urine). The leaf nutritionally supports kidney function. The root nutritionally supports gall-bladder and liver function and enhances the flow of bile.
Some particularly important uses of Dandelion:
1.to promote the formation of bile
2.to remove excess water from the body in edemous conditions resulting from liver and/or gallbladder problems
3.The flowers are made into wine, the buds are pickled, and the leaves, rich in vitamins A and C and minerals, are eaten in salads. The leaves are a powerful diuretic, treating urinary disorders and fluid retention without depleting body potassium as much as other diuretics. They detoxify the blood, so are given for acne and eczema. The white sap treats warts and corns. The roots reduces inflammation and is an important liver stimulant used for jaundice, gallstones, and rheumatic joints. The roots yeild a magenta dye.
4.Premenstrual Syndrome: Animal studies show that dandelion does have diuretic action. Diuretics may help releive the bloated feeling of premenstual syndrome. Try some before your period and see if it works for you.
5.Weight Loss: In one study, animals fed dandelions lost up to 30% of their weight, but authorities do not recommend diuretics for permanent weight control. They advocate a low-fat, high-fiber diet and regular aerobic excercise.
6.High Blood Pressure: Physicians often prescribe diuretics to treat high blood pressure. dandelion might help. High blood pressure is a serious condition requiring professional treatment. Use dandelion in consultation with your physician.
7.Help Protect liver,act as Secretion Stimulator, good remedy to make phoromene...
Dandelion root benefits all functions of the liver and especially affects all forms of secretion and excretion from the body. By acting to remove poisons from the body, it acts as a tonic and stimulant and is helpful for:
8.Blood Conditions:purifies the blood
9.protect brain and good for Nervous System Conditions:hypochondria,insomnia
10.Cardiovascular Conditions:healthy function of the heart muscle,promotes healthy circulation
Medicinal virtues: It has an opening and cleansing quality and, therefore, very effectual for removing obstructions of the liver, gall bladder and spleen and diseases arising from them, such as jaundice. It openeth the passages of the urine both in young and old and will cleanse ulcers in the urinary tract. For this purpose the decoction of the roots or leaves in white wine, or the leaves used as pot herbs are very effectual. It is of wonderful help in cachexia, the severe wasting condition in severe illness. It also procures rest and sleep in those with fever. The distilled water can be drunk in pestilential fever and he used as a wash for the sores. This common herb hath many virtues, which is why the French and Dutch eat them so often in the spring.
Modern uses: Bile production by the liver and urinary output from the kidneys is increased with the use of this herb. As a diuretic, it is superior to many produced synthetically by pharmaceutical companies. The leaves are particularly strong, being equivalent to frusemide, a drug used to treat hypertension. The dried herb contains significant amounts of potassium, which people on long-term diuretic therapy need. Modern herbalists, therefore, have a safe, but powerful remedy, not only for hypertension but also for cardiac oedema, hepatogenic dropsy and water retention, due to stasis or congestion in the blood vessels serving the liver.
The diuretic effect of Dandelion is helpful in the treatment of a number of other conditions, particularly chronic disorders like rheumatisrn, gout and eczema. A fluid extract is available from herbalists and the recommended dose is between one and two teaspoonfuls three times a day. The dried root taken in the form of a decoction is a powerful liver tonic - 1 oz (28 g) of the root is boiled in 2 pt (1.1 l) of water until the mixture is reduced to 1 pt (568 rnl). The dose is two to four teaspoonfuls three or four times a day. A Dandelion coffee made from the roasted roots is available from health stores. The fresh, clean young leaves can be added to salads in spring.
Classical Applications:
1.For treating carbuncles and furuncles, acute mastitis (inflammation of the mammary gland) and abscess of internal organs: (A) Skin and external diseases: Used with such herbs as mother chrysanthemum (Flos Chrysanthemi Indici), Chinese violet (Herba Violae), honeysuckle flower (Flos Lonicerae), etc., e.g., Wuwei Xiaodu Yin.
(B) Acute mastitis: This herb can be decocted alone until thick for oral ingestion or the fresh herb can be blended into juice for drinking, with its residue to be applied onto the affected part. It can also be used together with such herbs as Mongolian snake gourd (Fructus Trichosanthis), honeysuckle flower (Flos Lonicerae), great burdock achene (Fructus Arctii), etc.
(C) Abdominal pain: Used with rhubarb root (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), tree peony root-bark, peach kernels, etc.
(D) Pulmonary abscess with pus in sputum: Used with houttuynia, Chinese waxgourd seed, common reed rhizome (Rhizoma Phargmitis), etc.
(E) Sore throat: Used with dyers woad root (Radix Isatidis), Zhejiang figwort root (Radix Scrophularias), etc.
(F) Snake bite: The fresh herb is applied onto the affected part.
2. For treating strangury due to heat and jaundice due to damp-heat: (A) Strangury due to heat: Used with cogongrass Rhizome (Rhizoma Imperatae), loosestrife (Herba Lysimachiae), Asiatic plantain seed (Semen Plantaginis), etc., so as to enhance the effects of inducing diuresis and relieving strangury.
(B) Jaundice due to damp-heat: Used with capillary artemisia (Herba Artemisiae Scopariae), gardenia fruit (Fructus Gardeniae), rhubarb rhizome (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), etc.
3. Miscellaneous: In addition, this herb can clear heat from the liver and improve eyesight, so it is used to treat conjunctivitis caused by the flaming-up of liver-fire.
It can be used alone by dripping its juice into the eyes or decocting it alone until thick for oral ingestion, e.g., Yiwei Pugongying Tang in the book 'Records of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Combination.' It can be used in compound preparations with chrysanthemum, selfheal spica (Spica Prunellae), skullcap root (Radix Scutellariae), etc.
Common uses and application of Dandelion root:
Acne (good when combined with Stinging Nettle).
A slimming device.
Beneficial to menopausal women
Chronic rheumatism.
Clears obstructions in the liver and kidneys(such as stones).
Cholesterol distribution.
Decrease the amounts of serum cholesterol and uric acid
Detoxifies poisons that have accumulated in the liver, spleen, and gall bladder.
Disorders of the spleen.
Dyspepsia with constipation.
Female Conditions.
Fever.
Fluid retention due to heart problems.
Gallstones.
Gastrointestinal Conditions.
Genitourinary Conditions:reduces uric acid.
Gout,urinary infections,Glandular Conditions.
Gentle diuretic
Habitual constipation.
Hepatic complaints in warm climates.
Improves appetite.
Improves digestion.
Inhibits the hepatitis virus.
Jaundice.
Liver problems.Liver Conditions.It is effective in treating abscesses, anemia, boils, breast tumors, and cirrhosis of the liver
Maximize the performance of the kidneys, pancreas, spleen, and stomach
Metabolic disturbances.
Premenstrual fluid retention.
Premenstrual syndrome.
Purify the bloodstream and liver, and it can stimulate the manufacture of bile
Reduces cholesterol.
Stimulates sluggish digestion.
Viral Conditions.
Dandelion leaves can be used for:stiff joints
Dadelion Stems are used for:Glandular swellings,Inflammatory Conditions,Arthritis.
Actions in Brief:Diuretic, hepatic, cholagogue, anti-rheumatic, laxative, tonic, bitter.
Dandelion Root is also higher in beta carotene than what is found in carrots. The leaf of the plant is a powerful diuretic and a delicious salad green in the spring. A very nutritive herb with medicinal benefits of stimulating the liver and kidneys while absorbing toxins and soothing the digestive tract.
Dandelion Root Indications: eczema (combine with Chickweed), skin diseases, scurvy, jaundice, gall bladder, mental fatigue, leg cramps, bowels, bladder, diabetes, asthma, aging, acne, spleen, low blood pressure, liver problems, psoriasis, low endurance, anemia, high blood pressure, hypoglycemia, all liver problems, rheumatism, stomach, and warts. Abundant in calcium, iron, potassium, sodium and vitamins A, C, and E. Moderate amounts of phosphorus, manganese, selenium and silicon with some B-complex.
Anemia.:
Rich iron content makes it useful for treating anemia.Dandelion contains high levels of potassium, is a rich source of iron and vitamins, and, ounce for ounce, contains more carotene than carrots. Herbalists have used dandelion for generations to treat anemia due to deficiencies of folic acid, iron,and vitamin B12.
Antimicrobial:Antiviral
In vitro data: Like many herbal extracts,dandelion demonstrated antiviral effects against human herpes virus,type 1(HHV1) in vitro.
Antineoplastic:Antitumor
In vitro data: Like many herbal extracts,dandelion has demonstrated antitumor effects in vitro.
Bladder infection and premenstrual syndrome (PMS).:
Unlike many conventional diuretics, which cause a loss of potassium, dandelion leaves are rich in potassium. Using the herb as a diuretic results in a net gain of this vital mineral. Because of its diuretic effect, dandelion helps to relieve fluid retention in premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and counteract urine retention in bladder infections. By increasing potassium levels, dandelion aids in alleviating muscle spasms and nighttime leg cramps.
Cholagogue:Dandelion has long been used to stimulate bile secretion.
Animal data: In German studies,dandelion leaf extracts increased bile secretion by 40% in rats.In French studies,giving dogs a decoction of fresh dandelion root doubled their bile output.
Human data:There are no studies in humans evaluating dandelion's effect on bile production or excretion.
Constipation, hemorrhoids, and indigestion.:
German research has shown that dandelion root is a mild bitter, or appetite stimulant. Bitters of all types activate a reflex that increases the secretion of digestive juices by the lining of the stomach. Dandelion root has a significant cleansing effect on the liver by stimulating the production of bile, which ultimately results in increased transport of a variety of potentially noxious compounds to the stool. Increasing the release of bile also relieves constipation without causing diarrhea and stops spasms of the bile duct. Dandelion should be avoided, however, if you have gallstones, since increasing the flow of bile could increase pressure against the stones.
Detoxify the body and Purify the blood:
Dandelion root contains a bitter, milky juice that is thought to be capable of energizing the body. It also has properties that can detoxify the body and purify the blood.
Dandelion Root (Taraxacum officinale) A blood purifier used for liver and kidney disorders; contains nutritive salts to build up the blood. Dandelion Root has a mild laxative effect. It increases bile production and stimulates its flow to the gallbladder, where it also causes contractions and the release of bile from there. The polysaccharide insulin found in this root is respected for its white blood cell and immune-boosting properties.
Diabetes:Endocrine:Dandelion is a traditional European remedy for Type II diabetes.
Animal data:Dandelion roots in doses of 500 mg per kg body weight exerted moderate hypoglycemic effects in normal rabbits,but not those with experimentally induced diabetes.In both normal mice and those with experimentally-induced diabetes,dandelion extracts exerted no significant effect on blood sugar levels.
Digestive aid and appetite stimulant: Historically,plants with strong bitter flavors have been regarded as digestion and appetite enhancers.
Animal data: In two Chinese studies of animals with gastric ulcers,gastric metaplasia and hyperplasia,dandelion-containing herbal combinations led to significant histologic improvement(based on English abstracts).
Diuretic:Animal data
Diuretic effects of dandelion extracts have been documented in mice.One animal study indicated a greater diuretic effect achieved from herbal extracts than root extracts and compared the effects of a 50 mL/kg body weight dose (2 g dried herb/kg) to the effects achieved with 80 mg/kg of furosemide.This study also reported the effects of dandelion to be greater than other plant diuretics, including Equisetum and Juniper berry.This diuretic effect, likely a result of sesquiterpene lactone activity and high potassium content,has been used to treat high blood pressure.A later report observed no significant diuretic activity from the plant.These same sesquiterpene lactones may contribute to dandelion's demonstrated mild anti-inflammatory activity.
Excellent diuretic and mild laxative:
In India, dandelion root is used as a remedy for liver disorders. It is considered an excellent diuretic, largely because of it high potassium content. While pharmaceutical diuretics tend to deplete the system of potassium, the mineral's abundance in dandelion root ensures that the body will not suffer the side effect of potassium loss from the use of dandelion as a diuretic. In addition to potassium, dandelion root also contains high levels of sodium that help to balance electrolytes in the blood. This quality makes the plant useful in restoring balance after severe vomiting. Dandelion root can also help neutralize acids in the blood, and it is widely used as a mild laxative as well.
Hepatitis B treatment:
The Chinese have relied on an herbal combination including dandelion in the treatment of hepatitis B infections.A Chinese case series reported that a herbal combination including dandelion was helpful in treating 96 adults with chronic hepatitis B infection.there are no in vitro or animal data to evaluate this use.
Immune modulation:Immunostimulant
Animal data: In Chinese studies of mice with immunosuppression secondary to scald burns,dandelion and five other herbs enhanced several measures of immune functioning.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IRS).:
Bulgarian studies of a five-herb combination including dandelion found that more than 95 percent of IBS sufferers were pain-free after fifteen days of treatment. This herbal combination also improved regularity.
Laxative:
Dandelion's historical use as a gentle laxative has not been thoroughly evaluated in modern studies.In a case series of 24 adults suffering from chronic colitis,an herbal combination containing dandelion improved constipation,diarrhea and intestinal cramping in 96% of patients.
Liver problems and gallstones.:Liver and gall bladder disorders
The bitter principles in dandelion increase bile production and bile flow in the liver. This makes it useful for people with sluggish liver function due to alcohol abuse or poor diet. It is restorative to the liver and helps reduce the risk of developing gallstones, but you should avoid it if you already have gallstones.
People with liver ailments, such as jaundice and cirrhosis, can take dandelion root to help induce the flow of bile from the liver, helping to detoxify the body. Dandelion root also aids digestion, and it is an excellent tonic for the endocrine system. In addition, dandelion is used to lower cholesterol and uric acid levels in the body. The juice in the stem and root of dandelion can be used as an astringent to dry up warts, blisters, corns and acne.
Dandelion is effective as a detoxifying herb, working primarily on the liver and gallbladder to remove waste. It may aid gallbladder ailments and help "dissolve" gallstones.However, dandelion should only be used for gallstones under a physician's direction; it is generally contraindicated in bile duct obstruction, empyema or ileus.
Animal data:Increases of bile secretion in rats (40% or more) have been attributed to activity of bitter sesquiterpene lactones in the root.These lactones also increase gastric secretions that can cause gastric discomfort.
Osteoporosis.:
Dandelion is a rich source of boron, which helps to raise estrogen levels in the blood, and in turn helps preserve bone. It is also a rich source of calcium and a fair source of silicon, which some studies suggest helps strengthen bone.
Overweight.:
European herbalists frequently prescribe dandelion tinctures as a weight-loss aid. Dandelion reduces water weight through its diuretic effect. It may also help the liver regulate blood sugars to avoid hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), frequently an immediate cause of binge eating. Also, the increase in bile flow stimulated by dandelion helps to improve fat metabolism in the body. In one laboratory study, animals that were given daily doses of dandelion extract for a month lost up to 30 percent of their body mass.
Regulation of blood glucose.:
Animal data:Hypoglycemic effects have been demonstrated in healthy, non-diabetic rabbits with a maximum decrease in blood glucose achieved at a dose of 2 g/kg.The maximum effect of dandelion was reported to be 65% of the effect produced by tolbutamide 500 mg/kg.Another report found no effect on glucose homeostasis in mice.Inulin, reported to have antidiabetic activity, may contribute to dandelion's glucose regulating properties.
Renal and electrolyte balance.:Diuretic
Animal data: In rats and mice,dandelion leaf extracts had diuretic effects as potent as furosemide.It has greater diuretic effects than other herbs such as equisetum and juniper berry.The diuretic effect accounted for 100% of the weight loss found in these animal studies.
Human data: There are no studies evaluating the diuretic effects of dandelion leaves or roots in humans or comparing it to standard diuretic medications.
skin and mucus membranes:Wart remedy
direct application of dandelion juice to the lesion is a popular wart remedy which has not undergone thorough scientific evaluation,but is probably a safe and effective as most other home remedies for warts.
Other uses.:
Use for dyspeptic disorders may be attributed to the anti-ulcer and gastric antisecretory activity of taraxerol, one of the terpenoid alcohols also found in the root.Dandelion is also considered an appetite-stimulating bitter.The bitter principles, previously known as taraxacin which have recently been identified as eudesmanolides, are contained in the leaves and appear to be unique to dandelion.In vitro antitumor activity with a mechanism similar to that of lentinan (a tumor polysaccharide) has been reported.Taraxacum species have been used in China for over 1100 years in treating breast cancer and other breast ailments.Clinical studies using Chinese Taraxacum species also support the use of dandelion to treat hepatitis as well as various respiratory infections.
Leaves Fresh:Add to spring salads as a cleansing remedy.
Leaves Juice:Puree the leaves when a diuretic action is needed. Take up to 20 ml juice, three times a day.
Leaves Infusion:A less effective diuretic than the juice, the infusion makes a cleansing remedy for toxic conditions including gout and eczema. Also use as a gentle liver and digestive stimulant. Make with freshly dried leaves.
Leaves Tincture:Often added to remedies for a failing heart to ensure adequate potassium intake.
Root Tincture:Use the fresh root for toxic conditions such as gout, eczema, or acne. Also prescribed as a liver stimulant in liver disorders and related constipation.
Root Decoction:Use for the same conditions as the tincture.
Therapeutics and Pharmacology: Taraxacum leaf is a very potent diuretic and is an excellent remedy for water retention and oedema, particularly when it is of cardiac origin, or hepatogenous oedema (ascites). Its action comparable to the drug Frusemide. The usual effect of a drug which stimulates kidney function is a loss of potassium from the body, which aggravates any existing cardiovascular problem. A high level of potassium is particularly desirable when digitalis heart drugs are being prescribed, because if potassium levels fall, the drugs will produce irritability of the heart muscle. Luckily, Taraxacum is one of the best natural sources of potassium and therefore is a perfectly balanced and safe diuretic. Taraxacum leaf may be applied to urinary disorders in general, especially where worsened by the presence of oliguria. It also has similar actions to the root, but to a lesser extent.
Taraxacum root is a gentle liver tonic and may be used to treat inflammation and congestion of the liver and gall bladder. It can be applied to gallstones, cholecystitis, hepatic and post-hepatic jaundice, congestive dyspepsia with constipation and other toxic conditions such as chronic joint and skin inflammations. The root contains bitter substances which are beneficial to the digestive process and also have an aperient effect. The sesquiterpene lactones may produce the choleretic action. The active principle is taraxacin, which is found in the whole herb, particularly the root, and stimulates bile secretion. The white sap may be applied directly to warts.
Combinations: Taraxacum may be combined with Berberis and/or Chelone in gall bladder disease, with Chamaemelum in anorexia and stomach complaints and with Agropyron or Achillea for water retention.
Dandelion as Herbal Diuretic for High Blood Pressure:Compare to Prescription diuretics
Dandelion Root - herbal diuretic for hypertension. It lowers high blood pressure as a water pill for swollen ankles and feet, liver cleanse, gall stones & PMS.
Prescription diuretics like Lasix (furosemide) or Bumex are often the first choice of doctors in treating high blood pressure. Unfortunately, they usually eliminate potassium as well, requiring another prescription for potassium. Dandelion is an herbal diuretic containing potassium, so it is often used for hypertension. Getting rid of excess salt and fluid helps lower blood pressure and can makes it easier for your heart to pump.
Dandelion Root is beneficial for liver problems, and detoxifies poisons from the liver (cleansing) which is important for proper liver function. It is a very effective natural diuretic (water pill) rich in potassium and a good source of plant protein. It is is helpful for edema - swollen ankles and feet - and high blood pressure.
Dandelion is high in the natural good salts the body must have for proper function. It can be very helpful by reducing stiffness in the joints, and helpful in reducing serious cholesterol and uric acid. In Europe, Dandelion is used in treating diabetes. Dandelion is a superior blood purifier for the entire body.
Dandelion helps to relieve many menstrual (PMS) problems such as bloating, water retention, swollen breasts, weight gain, acne and inflammation.
The results of the ALLHAT Hypertension Study -- a 5-year, 42,000-patient mortality study conducted by NIH's National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute -- were featured in two articles in the Dec. 18, 2002 edition of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
The study known as the Allhat study indicated that patients on diuretics had better blood pressure control, fewer strokes and less congestive heart failure than did the other patients who were not on diuretics. The study further determined that those patients who were on calcium channel-blockers had little, to no benefit in lessening the number of heart attacks, or were helped in the prevention of heart-related deaths.
The study has lasted for 10 years, and determined that diuretics are the best first option for people suffering from high-blood pressure. There has been a loud uproar from the medical profession in regards to this opinion. A diuretic costs as little as $36-$96 annually, while a calcium channel blocker such as Novarsc costs about $724 a year, and Accupril, an ACE inhibitor costs about $470 a year. Beta-blockers, which are earlier medications than the ACE inhibitors cost between $240-$667 per year.
A benefit of dandelion root extract is that it replaces potassium lost through urination instead of depleting potassium like most diuretic drugs. Dandelion root extract also helps normalize kidney function and fluid balance; stimulates bile flow.
Take Method and Dosage of Dandelion related products:
Pediatric:To improve digestion, adjust the recommended adult dose to account for the child's weight. Most herbal dosages for adults are calculated on the basis of a 150 lb (70 kg) adult. Therefore, if the child weighs 50 lb (20 to 25 kg), the appropriate dose of dandelion for this child would be 1/3 of the adult dosage.
Usually, dandelion is available as dried flowers and leaves or as a liquid extract made from the whole dandelion plant. Dried dandelion is brewed into a tea by soaking one or 2 teaspoons of dried dandelion in about 8 ounces of hot water. Due to its bitter taste, dandelion tea is usually sweetened or flavored before drinking. One or 2 teaspoons of dandelion extract can be taken orally, instead -- either in water or alone. Dandelion is frequently taken three times a day.
Unsweetened dandelion tea may be cooled and applied as a skin wash. Dandelion juice may be made by chopping or crushing the tops of the plants and then squeezing the juice into a clean container. Either dandelion tea or juice may be applied as often as needed.
Dandelion may be used in a variety of available forms.
Dried leaf infusion: 4 to 10 g three times a day
Dried root decoction: 2 to 8 g three times a day
Herb (stems and leaves): 4 to 10 g three times a day
Leaf tincture (1:5) in 30% alcohol: 100 to 150 drops three times a day
Powdered extract (4:1) leaf: 500 mg one to three times a day
Powdered extract (4:1) root: 500 mg one to three times a day
Powdered extract (10:1) root: 250 mg one to three times a day
Root tincture (1:2) fresh root in 45% alcohol: 100 to 150 drops three times a day
Capsules: 1-2, 2-3 times daily.
Infusion: 1 oz. per pint (1 cup)
Fluid extract BP: 1/2-2 drams (1.8 - 7.2 ml)
Solid extract BP: 5-15 grains
Juice BP: 1-2 drams (3.6 - 7.2 ml)
As a general liver/gallbladder tonic and to stimulate digestion, 3-5 grams of the dried root or 5-10 ml of a tincture made from the root can be used three times per day. Some experts recommend the alcohol-based tincture because the bitter principles are more soluble in alcohol. As a mild diuretic or appetite stimulant, 4-10 grams of dried dandelion's leaves can be added to 250 ml (1 cup) of boiling water and drunk as a decoction; or 5-10 ml of fresh juice from the leaves or 2-5 ml of tincture made from the leaves can be used three times per day.
Typical Dosage:
Provision of dosage information dose NOT constitute a recommendation or endorsement,but rather indicates the range of doses commonly used in herbal practice.
Doses are given for single herb use and must be adjusted when using herbs in combinations.
Doses may also vary according to the type and severity of the conditioned treated and individual patient conditions.
Adult doses:
There is disagreement on the optimal form and dose of dandelion.Reputable physicians and herbalists recommend a range of doses:
Fresh leaves:4~10 grams daily.
Dried leaves:4~10 grams daily.
Fresh leaf juice: 1 tsp(4~8 ml) twice daily.
Fluid extract: 1~2 teaspoons daily.
Fresh roots: 2~8 grams daily.
Dried powdered extract:250~1000 mg three to four times daily.
Tea: Pour 2 cups boiling water over one of fresh leaves and steep for 10 minutes. Or,boil 1 cup of water with 2~3 tsp of dried,cut root for 15 minutes.Cool.
Infuse 1 OZ. of Dandelion in a pint of boiling water for 10 minutes; decant, sweeten with honey, and drink several glasses in the course of the day. The use of this tea is efficacious in bilious affections, and is also much approved of in the treatment of dropsy.
Or take 2 OZ. of freshly-sliced Dandelion root, and boil in 2 pints of water until it comes to 1 pint; then add 1 OZ. of compound tincture of Horseradish. Dose, from 2 to 4 OZ. Use in a sluggish state of the liver.
Or 1 OZ. Dandelion root, 1 OZ. Black Horehound herb, 1/2 OZ. Sweet Flag root, 1/4 OZ. Mountain Flax. Simmer the whole in 3 pints of water down to 1 1/2 pint, strain and take a wineglassful after meals for biliousness and dizziness.
For Gall Stones:1 OZ. Dandelion root, 1 OZ. Parsley root, 1 OZ. Balm herb, 1/2 OZ. Ginger root, 1/2 OZ. Liquorice root. Place in 2 quarts of water and gently simmer down to 1 quart, strain and take a wineglassful every two hours.
For a young child suffering from jaundice: 1 OZ. Dandelion root, 1/2 oz. Ginger root, 1/2 oz. Caraway seed, 1/2 oz. Cinnamon bark, 1/4 oz. Senna leaves. Gently boil in 3 pints of water down to 1 1/2 pint, strain, dissolve 1/2 lb. sugar in hot liquid, bring to a boil again, skim all impurities that come to the surface when clear, put on one side to cool, and give frequently in teaspoonful doses.
A Liver and Kidney Mixture:1 OZ. Broom tops, 1/2 oz. Juniper berries, 1/2 oz. Dandelion root, 1 1/2 pint water. Boil in gredients for 10 minutes, then strain and adda small quantity of cayenne. Dose, 1 tablespoonful, three times a day.
A Medicine for Piles:1 OZ. Long-leaved Plantain, 1 OZ. Dandelion root, 1/2 oz. Polypody root, 1 OZ. Shepherd's Purse. Add 3 pints of water, boil down to half the quantity, strain, and add 1 OZ. of tincture of Rhubarb. Dose, a wineglassful three times a day. Celandine ointment to be applied at same time.
Official Regulations and Medical References:
British Pharmaceutical Codex 1934
U.S.P.
Martindale
UK - General Sales List, Schedule 1, Table A
France - Accepted for specific indications No 90/22
German - Commission E ;1984
PDR for Herbal Medicine - p. 1174
ESCOP - March 1996
Possible Interactions,Side Effects and Precautions of Dandelion:
If you are currently being treated with any of the following medications, you should not use dandelion preparations without first talking to your healthcare provider.
Lithium:
Animal studies suggest that dandelion may worsen the side effects associated with lithium, a medication commonly used to treat manic depression.
Antibiotics, Quinolone:
One species of dandelion, Taraxacum mongolicum, also called Chinese dandelion, may decrease the absorption of quinolone antibiotics (such as ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin) from the digestive tract. It is not known whether Taraxacum officinale, or common dandelion, would interact with these antibiotics in the same way. As a precaution, dandelion should not be taken at the same time as these antibiotics.
Interaction with Prescription Drugs:
Because dandelion may have a lowering effect on blood sugar, taking it may increase the effectiveness of medications used for the treatment of diabetes. Individuals who are using insulin or taking oral medications for diabetes, should talk to their doctors or pharmacists before using dandelion.
Dandelion possible diuretic effect could increase the effectiveness of ater pills? Individuals who take diuretic drugs, should discuss the use of dandelion with a doctor or pharmacist before beginning to take it.
If dandelion is taken by mouth, it may increase the production of stomach acid, potentially interfering with the acid-blocking actions of histamine-2 receptor blockers, such as cimetidine (Tagamet), famotidine (Pepcid), nizatidine (Axid), and ranitidine (Zantac) and proton pump inhibitors such as Nexium, omeprazole (Prilosec), Prevacid, and Protonix.
Interaction with Non-prescription Drugs:
The possibility that dandelion can increase the production of stomach acid could interfere with the effectiveness of antacids and over-the-counter medications such as Pepcid AC and Zantac AR.
Interaction with Herbal Products:
Although no cases have been reported, taking dandelion at the same time as other herbs (such as squill and yarrow) that also promote the loss of water from the body may possibly result in dehydration.
Possible Side Effects:
Because dandelion can increase the production of stomach acid, upset stomach is the most reported side effect when dandelion is taken orally.
Skin irritation (red, raw, or itchy patches) may occur after coming in contact with a dandelion plant.
Adverse Reactions:
Like many plants in this family, dandelions are known to cause contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals.A case report of a 9-year-old boy describes positive patch test reactions to dandelion and other compositae-plant oleo resins.Two out of seven patients, each with histories of dandelion dermatitis, reacted not only to dandelion extracts, but to a sesquiterpene mix.These sesquiterpene lactones are believed to be the allergenic principles in dandelion.Taraxinic acid 1¡ä-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside has also been identified as an allergenic component.
Precautions:
The safety of oral dandelion preparations for pregnant or breast-feeding women has not been studied, but using it in moderate amounts is generally considered to be safe.
When handled, the chemicals in dandelion may cause skin irritation in individuals who are sensitive to it. In at least one study conducted in animals, dandelion was found to be mildly irritating to skin, but several human case reports of more serious contact dermatitis from handling dandelion plants have been published. Individuals who are sensitive to plants in the daisy family may also be sensitive to dandelion.
Caution: Taraxacum is contraindicated where there is occlusion of the bile ducts or gall bladder empyema.
Dandelion can be taken in tablet, tea, or tincture form. Dandelion may cause increased stomach acidity and ulcer pain. If you have gallstones or biliary tract obstructions, you should avoid this herb. Dandelion should not be used as a substitute for pharmaceutical diuretics for hypertension. If you are taking diuretic drugs, insulin, or medications that reduce blood-sugar levels, you should use dandelion only under a physician's supervision. People with known allergies to related plants, such as chamomile and yarrow, should use dandelion with caution
Dandelion also should be avoided during antibiotic treatment, especially treatment with ciprofloxacin (Cipro), ofloxacin (Floxin), lomefloxacin (Maxaquin), norfloxacin (Noroxin), and enoxacin (Penetrex), since it may keep concentrations of these antibiotics from peaking in the bloodstream, diminishing their ability to fight infection.
Risks:Because it may increase the flow of bile, dandelion should not be used by individuals with gallstones, gallbladder disease, or bile duct obstruction. If individuals with diabetes use it orally, they should also check their blood sugar levels carefully to make sure they do not develop hypoglycemia.
Toxicology:
Acute toxicity of dandelion is low. LD 50 values in mice for the root are 36.8 g/kg and for herb are 28.8 g/kg.
Reference:Chevallier A. Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants . New York, NY: DK Publishing, 1996;140.
Acute toxicity:Aside from acute allergic reactions,no acute toxicity has been observed.Doses of up to 6 grams per body weight administered daily for seven days to rabbits did not result in measurable toxicity.
Reference:Akhtar MS,Khan QM,Khaliq T.Effects of Portulaca oleracae (Kulfa) and Taraxacum officinale (Dhudhal) in normoglycaemic and alloxan-treated hyperglycaemic rabbits.JPMA J Pak Med Assoc 1985;35:207-10.
Chronic toxicity:None reported.Carcinogenesis was not observed in rats whose diet contained up to 33% dandelion for several months.Dandelion is one of several vegetables that demonstrate antimutagenic effects.
A case report describes toxicity in a patient taking an herbal combination tablet that included dandelion. It was unclear as to which constituents were responsible.Dandelion may be potentially toxic because of the high content of potassium, magnesium and other minerals.
Allergic reactions and contact dermatitis to dandelion have been reported;taraxinic acid appears to be the most allergic component of the plant.
Limitations during other illnesses or in patients with specific organ dysfunction:Unknown;herbalists traditionally recommend that dandelion be avoided by patients with biliary occlusion,acute cholecystitis and ileus.
Safety during pregnancy,lactation and/or childhood: Unknown.No adverse effects have been reported when taken in doses usually consumed as food.
Scientific References:
1.Dandelion and Taraxacum officinale.Dandelion extract.
Claims & Warning:
Claims: Information this web site presented is meant for Nutritional Benefit and as an educational starting point only, for use in maintenance and promotion good health in cooperation with a common knowledge base reference...Furthermore,it based solely on the traditional and historic use or legend of a given herb from the garden of Adonis. Although every effort has been made to ensure its accurate, please note that some info may be outdated by more recent scientific developments......
Pharmakon Warning: The order of knowledge is not the transparent order of forms and ideas,as one might be tempted retrospectively to interpret it; it is the antidote....(Dissemination,Plato's Pharmacy,II.The Ingredients:Phantasms,Festivals,and Paints;138cf. Jacques Derrida.).
And as it happens,the technique of imitation,along with the production of the simulacrum,has always been in Plato's eyes manifestly magical,thaumaturgical:......and the same things appear bent and straight to those who view them in water and out,or concave and convex,owing to similar errors of vision about colors, and there is obviously every confusion of this sort in our souls.And so scene painting (skiagraphia) in its expl
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Serie No.:R023.Basic Data Sheet Download
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seminal trace...Dandelion extract.Dandelion root Extract.10:1.CAS.NO.068990-74-9.Taraxacum officinale.Taraxacum spp.extract 10:1 root,Powdered extract 4:1 root,extract 4:1 leaf,Solid extract BP...
Description:Dandelion
Constituents in Different Parts:
Scientific References:
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