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Sambucus nigra,Black elder,Elderberry and its narration literature.
Contents:
- Basic Botanical Data of Elderberry.
- Plant Parts Introduction of Elderberry.
- Botanical Description of Elderberry.
- Habitat of Elderberry.
- History of Elderberry.
- Chemistry and Pharmacology of Elderberry.
- Phyto-chemicals of Elder Berry.
- Medicinal Constituents of Elderberry.
- Medicinal Uses of Elderberry Plant Part.
- Medicinal Uses of Elderberry.
- Edible Uses of Elderberry.
- Other Uses of Elderberry.
- Magical Uses of Elderberry.
- Therapeutics and Pharmacology of Elderberry.
- Most Common Dosage Standardization.
- Other Application Tips of Elderberry.
- Research Update:Sambucus nigra or Elderberry
Other Application Tips of Elderberry.
Toxicities and Precautions:Toxicology
Be sure to tell your pharmacist, doctor, or other health care providers about any dietary supplements you are taking. There may be a potential for interactions or side effects.
General:This dietary supplement is considered safe when used in accordance with proper dosing guidelines.
Consumption of the roots, stems, leaves and unripe fruit of the elder plant is not recommended. These parts of the plant can induce vomiting or severe diarrhea if ingested.
Because of the cyanogenic potential of the leaves, extracts of the plant may be used in foods, provided HCN levels do not exceed 25 ppm in the flavor. Toxicity in children who used pea shooters made from elderberry stems has been reported.
One report of severe illness following the ingestion of juice prepared from elderberries has been recorded by the Centers for Disease Control. People attending a picnic, who ingested several glasses of juice made from berries picked the day before, reported nausea, vomiting, weakness, dizziness, numbness, and stupor. One person who consumed 5 glasses of juice was hospitalized for stupor. All recovered. Although cyanide levels were not reported, there remains the possibility of cyanide-induced toxicity in these patients. While elderberries are safe to consume, particularly when cooked (uncooked berries may produce nausea), leaves and stems should not be crushed when making elderberry juice.
The bark should not be used in pregnancy as it is a strong purgative while the unripe berries, young bark and leaves contain the toxic glycoside d-sambunigrin which can produce hydrocyanic acid.
Pregnancy/Breast-Feeding:
To date, the medical literature has not reported any adverse effects related to fetal development during pregnancy or to infants who are breast-fed. Yet little is known about the use of this dietary supplement while pregnant or breast-feeding. Therefore, it is recommended that you inform your healthcare practitioner of any dietary supplements you are using while pregnant or breast-feeding.
To date, the medical literature has not reported any adverse effects specifically related to the use of this dietary supplement in children. Since young children may have undiagnosed allergies or medical conditions, this dietary supplement should not be used in children under 10 years of age unless recommended by a physician.
Role For Anti-Aging:
An animal study carried out in 1987 reported that elder flowers had moderately strong anti-inflammatory properties, however, no further research to back this claim has been carried out. Recent research carried out at Tufts University has revealed that elderberry contains four anthocyanins that work to protect endothelial cells, which line artery walls, from oxidative damage caused by free radicals.
Interactions:
There are no confirmed drug interactions with elderberry extract. However, due to the ability of Sambucus flower extracts to potentiate insulin release in vitro, patients with diabetes should be advised to monitor blood sugar closely when using flower extracts.
Side Effects/Contradications:
No adverse reactions to elderberry are known to exist. Raw berries are edible but may cause nausea and vomiting. Herbal products made from the leaves, stems or bark of the elderberry tree should NOT be taken internally as they contain the potentially fatal poison cyanide.
Elderberry extracts are generally without side effects when taken in the suggested dosages. Berries should be cooked, as the consumption of uncooked berries or juice can result in vomiting and diarrhea. Certain constituents of the leaves, stems, flowers, and roots contain poisonous alkaloids. It has also been reported that small percentages of the general population have a type-1 allergy to Sambucus nigra as evidenced by positive-skin prick or RAST test.
Elderberry flowers are generally regarded as safe. Side effects are rare and consist primarily of occasional mild gastrointestinal distress or allergic reactions. Nonetheless, safety in young children, pregnant or nursing women, or those with severe liver or kidney disease has not been established.The stems, roots, unripe berries, and seeds may contain cyanide, and could cause vomiting and severe diarrhea if chewed or eaten uncooked. Ripe berries are safe when prepared for use in foods.
Elder as a Ward:
Elder:Spirits were believed to have inhabited elder trees, and for this reason, the tree was accociated with witches and bad luck (Huxley 2203).
As a Ward:If properly handled, it was believed an elder tree could protect and inable one "under certain circumstances to find out what witches were doing" (Huxley 2203).
Reference:
1.Sambucus nigra,Black elder,Elderberry and its narration literature.
last edit date:4th,Mar.2010.
- Name:Elderberry Extract
- Serie No:R074.
- Specifications:10:1 TLC.
- INCI Name:SAMBUCUS NIGRA BERRY EXTRACT
- EINECS/ELINCS No.:283-259-4
- CAS:84603-58-7
- Chem/IUPAC Name:Sambucus Nigra Berry Extract is an extract of the berries of the elder,Sambucus nigra,Caprifoliaceae
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