Special Gift from West China,what is Hu Ma, Oil Flaxseed? Hu Ma and its excellent uses...

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   Basic Botanical Identification of Oil Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.2n=30)

 Oil flaxseed
 Pinyin name: Hu Ma
 Scientific Name: Linum usitatissimum L.2n=30
 Identification: Oil flaxseed belong to flaxseed, and just the oil use type of flax, Scientific name as Linum usitatissimum L.2n=30
 Origin of Oil flaxseed:

 Oil flaxseed origined from Africa, Egypt and India begin to plant this herb about 1000B.C. and used this thing as food and spice, later spread into China area with Buddhism, so called as Hu Ma in Pinyin.

 Main origin of oil flaxseed: major output from GuYuan City,Tong Xin city, Yanchi City,Wuzhong City of Ningxia Province. and south part of Gan Su and Xinjiang province, north part of Shan Xi province. china.

 GuYuan City output oil flaxseed 550 thousand tons yearly, altitude more than 1500 meters,with its special climate and soil conditions fitable for the growth of oil flaxseed.

 

 Basic Botanical Identification of Oil Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.2n=30)
 Plant and Part description of oil flaxseed:
 Oil flaxseed classification:
 Content and Phytochemicals of oil flaxseed:
 Oily Flaxseed Nutrients and Useness:
 Research Update:Linum usitatissimum L


   Plant and Part description of oil flaxseed:
 

 oil flaxseed kernel shaped egg roundness, dark brown color, luster appearance, could be used to pressing edible oil.

 Oil Flaxseed prefer sunshine, grow into branches and flowers and anthotaxy, fruitful and high oil content. bearing period need 80~125 days from planting to grown up and divided into grow out, shape grow, fast grow, blooming, mature period.

 Planting conditions of Oil Flaxseed: 5cm depth soil, soil temperature stable at 7-8 Deg C planting period during middle of March to early of May. row spacing 20cm, seeding quantity 45~60kilos per hektare. Nutrient and manure at ratio nitrogen: phosphor: Potassium (1.0:0.3:0.67),need more nitrogen before blooming, more phosphor from blooming to mature.

 Capsule fruit of oil flaxseed ball shaped,fruit top a little needle. Colored yellow brown, 5 rooms inside fruit and contain about 10 unit oil flaxseed kernels.

 Oil flaxseed oil colored similar yellow and translucent, it is a special output from Ningxia Province and famous in china. Oil residue is good feed source and manure. the Stem and skin of oil flaxseed rich in fibre, feels thin and diligent, endurance, good material for weave,fish tool, tingle bag and other uses.

 

   Oil flaxseed classification:

 Oil flaxseed as a agro plant in china normally divided into 3 types, one is mainly for fibre use, could be named as Fibrous Oil flaxseed (or fibre flaxseed ); one is mainly for oil processing use, could be named as Oil only flaxseed(or oil flaxseed); and the third one is for both fibre purpose and oil purpose.

 (1).Oil only flaxseed have lower individual plant height, base stem branches 4~8 sub-branch, and fruit 80~120 units every plant, net weight of 1000 kernels about 5~7 grams, higher oil ratio.
 Bigger Oil only flaxseed have bigger kernel than normal oil only flaxseed, lower individual plant height,net weight of kernel 1000unit could reach 11~13grams, oil ratio in kernel share 39~42%.

 (2).Oil flaxseed for both fibre purpose and oil use have a little higher individual plant height,base stem plant branches many,net weight of 1000 kernels about 4~6 grams, oil contain ratio normally 40~45%, fibre ratio of stem share 12~17%.

 (3).Fibrous Oil flaxseed (or fibre flaxseed ) stem slim and high, height 60~120cm, little sub branch or no sub branch, less sub branch from top, small anthotaxy. Small seeds, net weight of 1000 kernels about 3.8-4.5 grams,bearing period 70~80 days.
 

  Classification reference more:

 Some scientists identified three closely related flax species and their hybrids: (Linum usitatissimum L., 2n = 30; L. angustifolium Huds., 2n = 30; and L. bienne Mill., 2n = 30) and their hybrids.

 In each case, the karyotype included metacentrics, submetacentrics, and one or two satellite chromosomes. Chromosomes of the three flax species were similar in morphology, size (1-3 microns), and C-banding pattern and slightly differed in size of heterochromatic regions. In all accessions, a large major site of ribosomal genes was revealed by hybridization in the pericentric region of a large metacentric. A minor 45S rDNA site was observed on a small chromosome in L. usitatissimum and L. bienne and on a medium-sized chromosome in L. angustifolium. Upon silver staining, a nucleolus-organizing region (NOR) was detected on a large chromosome in all species. In L. angustifolium, an Ag-NOR band was sometimes seen on a medium-sized chromosome. In the karyotypes of interspecific hybrids, silver-stained rDNA loci were observed on satellite chromosomes of both parental species. RAPD analysis with 22 primers revealed a high similarity of the three species. The greatest difference was observed between L. angustifolium and the other two species. The RAPD patterns of L. bienne and L. usitatissimum differed in fewer fragments. A dendrogram of genetic similarity was constructed for the three flax species on the basis of their RAPD patterns. Genome analysis with chromosome and molecular markers showed that L. bienne must be considered as a subspecies of L. usitatissimum rather than a separate species. The three species were assumed to originate from a common ancestor, L. angustifolium being closest to it.

 

   Content and Phytochemicals of oil flaxseed:

 Oil flaxseed contain fatty acid, and carbohydrate , minerals, it is a good nutrients food source.

 The fatty acid of oil flaxseed composed by linoleic acid(about 32%); and the linoleic acid functions good to treat arteriosclerosis and other cholesterol disease or heart disease.

 Oil flaxseed also contain about 6%~10% phyto glue(named as oil flaxseed glue). oil flaxseed glue is a kind of pectic class glucose, composed by protein (about 17%); pectic acid (about 17%); starch; trace minerals, etc, could be used as food additive, raw material for cosmetics, and pharma grade material.
 Oil content normally share and ratio 39~49% of the oil flaxseed, oil residue of oil flaxseed contain protein (33.3%); fat (8.6%); fibre (7.8%), etc.

 

   Oily Flaxseed Nutrients and Useness:

  Source of Fatty acid alpha linoleic, or Omega-3.:

 Nature Made Flaxseed Oil is recommended for heart health. Flaxseed oil is one of the best sources of the essential fatty acid alpha linoleic, or Omega-3.

 Essential fats are incorporated into and contribute to the integrity and fluidity of cell membranes; a cell¡¯s life and function depends largely on its membrane integrity. Without a healthy membrane, cells lose their ability to hold water, vital nutrients, and electrolytes, and no longer function properly. Maintaining the integrity of cell membranes can lead to better health and well-being.

 Flax seed is one of the best sources for the essential fatty acid alpha linolenic acid. Alpha linolenic acid is so important for bodybuilders because it "enhances insulin sensitivity within muscle cells." This omega-3 fatty acid also has many other beneficial effects:

  Stimulating steroid production Systemization of hormones;
  Mediating immune response;
  Directing endocrine hormones to target cells;
  Regulating smooth muscle and autonomic reflexes;
  Construction of healthy cell walls;
  Transportation of oxygen to body cells;
  Keeping saturated fats mobile in the blood stream;
  Regulation of nerve transmission;
  Serving as the primary energy source for the heart muscle.

   They also have beneficial effects towards:Cancer,Stroke,Heart Attacks,High Cholesterol,Hypertension,Heart pain,Multiple sclerosis,Psoriasis,Eczema.Those are just some of the beneficial effect of Omega-3. Omega-3's are sometimes defined as "anti-fats". This is due to their ability to speed up the metabolic process and aid in fat loss.

 

  So What Does All of This Mean For Bodybuilders?

  Reduced Body fat.
  Enhanced Performance.
  Shortened recovery time.
  Good source of energy.
  Reduced muscle soreness.
  Increased utilization of oxygen.
  Increased utilization of other nutrients.
  Overall better health.

 

  Mordern Research:

 N-3 fatty acids for human nutrition: stability considerations
 Keywords: N-3 fatty acids -linolenic acid , eicosapentaenoic acid , docosahexaenoic acid , oxidative stability

 Scientists suggest Currently there is great interest in dietary n-3 fatty acids to promote health. The food industry aims to produce food products enriched in -linolenic acid (Ln), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and/or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to reduce some of the physiological effects of linoleic acid (L), the major polyunsaturated fatty acid in our diet. However, the goal is hampered by the susceptibility of the n-3 fatty acids to oxidation. As a result the sensory and nutritional quality of such foods deteriorates. Lipid scientists therefore have to find a way to stabilise these fatty acids. Innovative technologies to protect n-3 polyunsaturates using antioxidants, adequate preparation, refining and packaging of the oil are needed. In this paper we review the inherent stability and the stabilisation of these nutritionally valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids.

 

  Rich Fiber of Oil Flaxseed:

   Flax seeds are an excellent source of fiber. They contain both soluble and insoluble fiber. They also contain a special fiber called mucilage. Mucilage helps stabilize blood sugar levels, protects against bowel cancer, and is a natural laxative.

   Dietary fiber is important because it keeps the digestive system functioning properly. It enhances our body's ability to use other dietary nutrients. Fiber goes through our digestive tract almost completely undigested. Once it reaches the colon and/or the large intestine, fiber is then broken down.
   Dieting lacking sufficient fiber can lead to bad conditions following:
   Chronic Constipation (That can't be fun),Hypertension,Cancer,Weight Control problems,Heart Disease,Diabetes
 

  Lignans of oil flaxseed:

   Lignans are natural plant chemicals. They are molecules with anti-cancer, anti-viral, and anti-bacterial properties. Flax seeds are the richest source of lignans. Diets high in lignans can lead to a lower chance of getting colon, prostate, and breast cancer.

   These plant hormones lignans are also believed to block the formation of hormone based tumors. Lignans also boost the productions of a substance attached to estrogen and carries it out of the body.

   lignans of oil flaxseed to have antioxidant properties. Flax seed has 75 to 800 percent more lignans than other vegetables and grains! processed flax seed extracts worth more nutrition value.

 

  Vitamins and Minerals:

   The vitamins and minerals found in flax seeds are zinc, iron, vitamin E, carotene, B-group vitamins, magnesium, calcium, sulfur, potassium, phosphorous, manganese, silicon, copper, nickel, molybdenum, chromium, and cobalt.

  Protein of flaxseed:

   For every 100 grams of flax seeds, you get about 25-30 grams of protein, which is great considering the other nutrients you get along with this.

  Seed vs. Oil:

   Most of the nutrients are contains in the flax seed. So from a nutritional standpoint, flax seeds are the way to go. BUT, the flax seed oil gives you a concentrated source of the "good" fats we are looking for. Which would give the oil an edge.
   The solution... Use them BOTH! By using both the seeds and oil, you get all the nutrients, fiber, lignans, protein, and fat.


  Scientific References:

  1.Special Gift from West China,what is Hu Ma, Oil Flaxseed? Hu Ma and its excellent uses...