Polygala tenuifolia,Chinese senega root,traditional use and modern formula for Restorative Sleep.
Article Content:
- .Basic Botanical info of Polygala tenuifolia.
- .Polygala Root Botanical Source.
- .Polygala Recipes:Collection and Prepare.
- .Pharmacological Properties of Polygala tenuifolia.
- .Phytochemicals and constituents.
- .History of Polygala tenuifolia:Calm Mind Can Lead to Restorative Sleep.
- .Traditional Herbs for Sleep and Relaxation:Chinese Senega Root.
- .Administration and Suggestions.
- .Research Update:Polygala tenuifolia root,Polygala tenuifolia Willd,Polygala sibirica L.
Pharmacological Properties of Polygala tenuifolia.
Calms stabilizes Shen,calm spirit, quiet heart,insomnia, palpitations, anxiety, restlessness.
Tonifies Heart Qi, Blood and Yin
Used for insomnia, restlessness, emotional...mental confusion and palpitations
Disperses Phlegm (tumors) and opens the orifices of the Heart
Expels Lung Phlegm characterized by clear copious sputum,expel phlegm from lungs, clears orifices,copious sputum, mental confusion
Reduces abscesses, dissipate swellings:boils, sores, painful breasts.
Traditional Chinese uses:Nourish the heart and quiet the spirit, eliminate phlegm and awaken the mind, relieve swellings
Action: To indue sedation and benefit the mentality ,to promote expectoration,and to cause subsidence of swelling.
Indications: Insomnia,dream-disturbed sleep,forgetful-ness,palpitation,trance;cough with sputum difficult to expectorate;boils and sores,swelling and pain in the breast.
Traditional Chinese applications:Heart deficiency with symptoms of irritability, palpitation, insomnia, and poor memory; phlegm mist obscuring the heart orifices, resulting in mental confusion, epilepsy, or convulsion; cough with profuse sputum; boils and carbuncles
Lung Benefit: Phlegm Dispel and Stop Cough
Saponins from Polygala root proved positive effects of Phlegm Dispeling and Cough preventing,Saponin 3D possibly be the main effective constituents for Phlegm Dispeling purpose accordingly, Saponin 2D and Saponin 3C identified as main effective constituents of Cough preventing,and stronger than Codein and Pentoxyverine at same dosage.Experiment on dog oral dose of polygala extract proved secretion of trachea,and intensity as Senega>BalloonflowerRoot>Polygala root.
Calm and Anti-Convulsion Effects:
Polygala root bark,whole polygala root and root core part of polygala show cooperative effects for barbital.Rat experiment of polygala root extract oral taken cases,new constituents 3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid(TMCA,CAS RN:90-50-6);methyl 3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid(M- TMCA) and trans-4-Methoxycinnamic acid (PMCA;p-Methoxycinnamic acid) identified as an active phytochemicals for Pentobarbital Sleeping Period extending peoperty,thus proved that the hydrolic extracts of polygala root contains natural precursors of TMCA.
Anti-Aging Effects:
Experiment on Aged Mice Induced by D-galactose,subject observation the effects of the hydrolic decoction of polygala root on the activity of Super Oxidase Dimutase(SOD) in red blood cells,Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH- Px) of liver tissues proved: Hydrolic Decoction of Polygala root shows strong boost effects on the SOD of RBC,GSH- Px of Liver Tissues,suggested the potential anti-aging effects of Polygala root hydrolic decoction,and the best period of medication is 30 days.
Prevent Dementia and Brain Protection Effects:
As early as in famous classics Shen Nong Ben Cao,wisdom benefit,acute hearing,and prevent forgettery properties identified by famous herbalists Li Shizhen.Experiment on Aged Mice Induced on subject as memory,study experiment etc, to test the effects of polygala root on neurotrophic factor(NTF),result proved that the polygala root hydrolic decoction show strong protection on brain.Other scientists process experiment about KCN low oxygen brain dysfunction,result find that several glycosides have effects of reducing sleeping time,this prove that the brain protection effects partially relies on the acyl glycosides.By the way,hydrolic decoction of polygala root release inhibition on Substance P and lipopolysaccharide(LPS),TNF-alpha and IL-1,thus brings anti-inflammatory activity on CNS,applicable to many kind of brain dysfunction and related disease.
Prompt Physical strength and intelligence.:
Oral dose at 4.28 g/kg to rat,for experiment on shuttle action and brain regional metabolism,result shows that after oral dose 5~9 days,conditioned reflex and unconditioned reflex increased,NAD+,Hippocampal Neuron,and NADH concentration increased,proved that polygala has property to boost physical strength and intelligence of animals.
Dopamine receptor activity:
Scientists isolated a kind of Dopamine receptor glycoside:tetrahydro columbamine,this chemical shows inhibition on combination of spiperone(SCH2 3390) and rat resting membrane,also release inhibition on combination of Prazosin and rat brain cortex cell membrane,but could not change the combination of QNB,m uscim ol and membrane.Scatchand plot analysis shows these inhibition comes from an combined mechanism of competition and un-competition.
Hypertension therapy:
Experiment on hocused rat mean arterial pressure(MAP),and RVHR,subject to effects of tenuifolic saponin on blood pressure,result proved positive.
Effects on smooth muscle and Cardiac Muscle:
Tenuifolic saponin H identified showing exciting effects on isolated rabbit tracheal smooth muscle,chest artery,L angen- dorff heart,guinea pig trach and estrum un-pregnant rat uterus smooth muscle,but shows inhibition on cardiac muscle,and its effects on matrix partially related to prostaglandin synthase.
Anti-mutagenic and anci-cancer activity:
Am se experiment ahoqa hydrolic extracts of polygala root shows Anti-mutagenic and anci-cancer activity on disease activated by aflatoxin B1.
Effects on uterus:
Hydrolic decoction of polygala root from north China shows exciting effects on unpregnant and pregnant uterus of isolated ginea pigs,rabbit,cat,dog,intravenous Injection decoction of 6.6%concentration at dose 3~6 ml (body weight 16.5 kgs) to pregnant dog uterus shows exciting effects.
Haemolysis:
Polygala root shares similar property as Balloonflower Root,contains saponins and shows functions of dissolving blood cells,Haemolysis intensity:Polygala root > senega root > Balloonflower Root,and the root bark part of polygala shows stronger Haemolysis effects than the wood core part.
Reference:
1.Polygala tenuifolia,Chinese senega root,traditional use and modern formula for Restorative Sleep.
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