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Phytochemical info of Field mint or Mentha haplocalyx.

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Definition:Elecampane Root are majorly composed of
Chemical information disclosed as following table:

Research Update:Field mint or Mentha haplocalyx.

Relative adscriptions of components in the effective fractions of yinqiao decoction and its composing individual herbs.:Yao Xue Xue Bao. 2007 Feb;42(2):192-6. Chinese.Shi Y, Shi RB.Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China. yshi@implad.ac.cn

HPLC and LC-MS/MS were used to establish a comprehensive HPLC analytical method of Yinqiao decoction and identify the chemical constituents of the whole and individual herbs of Yinqiao decoction. YWG-C18 (250 mm x4. 6 mm ID, 10 microm) column was used; the mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile (A) and water ( B, with 3% acetic acid) with gradient elution; the flow rate was 1. 0 mL x min(-1) and the column temperature was set up at 25 degrees C. The detection wavelength was 280 nm. The chromatographic fingerprints of Yinqiao Decoction showed 30 main peaks. Peak 2, 14, 15, 17 were from Lonicera japonica Thunb, peak 3, 12, 13, 24 were from Fosythia suspense (Thunb) Vahl, peak 19, 25, 26, 27 were from Arctium lappa L. , peak 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 18, 28 were from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, peak 20, 21 were from Mentha haplocalyx Briq. , peak 22, 23 were from Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. , peak 1 presented in the chromatograms of Lonicera japonica Thunb, Fosythia suspense (Thunb) Vahl, Mentha haplocalyx Briq. , Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. and Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq. ) A. DC. , peak 7 presented in the chromatograms of Fosythia suspense (Thunb) Vahl and Glycine max (L. ) Merr. , peak 16 presented in the chromatograms of Mentha haplocalyx Briq. and Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. , peak 29 presented in the chromatograms of the herbs except Mentha haplocalyx Briq. and Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq. ) A. DC. , peak 30 presented in the chromatograms of the herbs except Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq. ) A. DC. , peak 4 was not identified, maybe it was a new constituent produced during decoction. By comparison of the standards isolated and MS spectra, 14 peaks were identified as 2 ( chlorogenic acid) , 9 ( liquiritin ) , 10 ( 4'-O-[ beta-D-apiofuranosyl (1--> 2 ) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl] liquiritigenin), 12 (forsythiaside), 13 (rutin), 14 (4,5-O-dicaffeoylquiniic acid), 15 (3, 5-O-dicaffeoylquiniic acid ), 16 ( 4-0- [ beta-D-apiofuranosyl ( 1 -->2 ) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl ] isoliquiritigenin) , 17 ( 3, 4-O-dicaffeoylquiniic acid) , 18 (2'-O-[ beta-D-apiofuranosyl (1 -->2 ) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl] isoliquiritigenin) , 19 (arctiin) , 20 (linarin) , 25 (genistein) , 28 ( isoliquiritigenin) . The method could be used to identify the characteristics of Yinqiao decoction, and it could be used to evaluate the quality and quantity of Yinqiao decoction.

Study on the dynamic change of flavonoids content in Mentha haplocalyx.:Zhong Yao Cai. 2006 Sep;29(9):888-90. Chinese.Lin T, Duan JA, Qian DW, Qian SH, Zhu LY.Guangzhou Institute for Drug Control, Guangzhou 510160, China.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the dynamic change of total flavonoids and its main aglycone and glycoside content in Mentha haplocalyx Briq. METHODS: Using UV-VIS spectrum and HPLC method for the total flavonoids and its aglycone and glycoside. RESULTS: The accumulation of flavonoids showed a regular pattern. CONCLUSION: The contents of total flavonoids and its main aglycone and glycoside are highest in the traditional harvesting time.

Traditional Chinese medicine causing hepatotoxicity in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: a 1-year prospective study.:Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Oct 15;24(8):1179-86.Yuen MF, Tam S, Fung J, Wong DK, Wong BC, Lai CL.Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. mfyuen@khucc.hku.hk

BACKGROUND: Safety of traditional Chinese medicine in patients with chronic hepatitis B is unknown. AIM: To study the clinical outcome of traditional Chinese medicine-induced hepatotoxicity in chronic hepatitis B patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All chronic hepatitis B patients in 2004 with liver dysfunction requiring hospitalization were screened prospectively for traditional Chinese medicine intake. The hepatotoxicity of individual traditional Chinese medicine elements was determined by extensive search of both English and Chinese publications. RESULTS: Of 45 chronic hepatitis B patients, the liver dysfunction in seven (15.6%) was attributable to traditional Chinese medicine. All had liver dysfunction pattern resembling those of acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B. Three patients had adverse outcomes (two deaths, one liver transplantation). One patient had accelerated course of cirrhosis now awaiting liver transplantation. The identified hepatotoxic components were Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, Cassia obtusifolia L, Melia toosendan Sieb., Rheum palmatum L., Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans L, Alisma orientale Juzepe, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. and Mentha haplocalyx Briq. One traditional Chinese medicine formula was adulterated with a highly hepatotoxic agent, N-nitrosofenfluramine. CONCLUSIONS: Traditional Chinese medicine-related hepatotoxicity resulted in high mortality in chronic hepatitis B patients. Prospective randomized-controlled trials with the same stringent criteria as western medicine clinical trials are required for Chinese medicines, to document their efficacies and safety before they can be advocated for the treatment of patients

Studies on involatile constituents of Mentha haplocalyx.:Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2006 Mar;31(5):400-2. Chinese.Zeng JW, Qian SH, Wu JZ, Yang NY.Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China. zjwlantu@126.com

OBJECTIVE: To promote its comprehensive utilization, the involatile constituents of Mentha haplocalyx were studied systematically. METHOD: The chemical components were isolated and purified by silca gel column chromatography and recrystallization. The chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectral data. RESULT: Eight compounds were isolated and identified as: acacetin (I), tilianine (II), linarin (III), n-butyl-beta-D-fructopyranoside (IV), ursolic acid (V), oleanolic acid (VI), beta-sitosterol (VII), daucosterol (VIII). CONCLUSION: Compounds I approximately V were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Studies on the chemical constituents in herb of Mentha haplocalyx.:Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2005 Jul;30(14):1086-8. Chinese.Liu Y, Zhang YH, Shi RB.School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Mentha haplocalyx. METHOD: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified with column chromatography and the structures were elucidated by spectral analysis. RESULT: Nine compounds were obtained and identified as emodin (I), chrysophanol (II), physcione (II), benzoic acid (IV), trans-cinnamic acid (V), beta-sitosterol (VI), aloe-emodin (VII), ursolic acid (VIII) and daucosterol (IX). CONCLUSION: Compounds I, II, III, V, VII were first isolated from M. haplocalyx.

Antioxidant properties and composition of aqueous extracts from Mentha species, hybrids, varieties, and cultivars.:J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jul 30;51(16):4563-9. Dorman HJ, Ko?ar M, Kahlos K, Holm Y, Hiltunen R.Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5E), FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. damien.dorman@helsinki.fi

Water-soluble extracts from the Mentha species M. aquatica L. and M. haplocalyx Briq., the hybrids M. x dalmatica L. and M. x verticillata L., the varieties M. arvensis var. japanensis [M. arvensis L. var. piperascens Holmes ex Christ] and M. spicata L. var. crispa Benth, and M. x piperita L. "Frantsila", M. "Morocco", and M. "Native Wilmet" cultivars were screened for potential antioxidative properties. These properties included iron(III) reduction, iron(II) chelation, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and the ability to inhibit iron(III)-ascorbate-catalyzed hydroxyl radical-mediated brain phospholipid peroxidation. Total phenol content and qualitative and quantitative compositional analyses of each extract were also made. The extracts demonstrated varying degrees of efficacy in each assay, with the M. x piperita "Frantsila" extract being better than the other extracts, except for ferrous iron chelation. With the exception of iron chelation, it appeared that the level of activity identified was strongly associated with the phenolic content.

Analysis of menthol in three traditional Chinese medicinal herbs and their compound formulation by GC-MS.:Biomed Chromatogr. 2002 May;16(3):229-33.Lin R, Tian J, Huang G, Li T, Li F.Department of Analytical Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.

A GC-MS method was developed for identification and determination of menthol in three traditional Chinese medicinal herbs and their compound formulation, a granule for treating colds. Volatile oil was simultaneously distilled and extracted into ethyl ether in a unique glass extractor. The separation was performed on an HP-5 MS column. The standard addition method was used for quantitative determination of menthol content in herbal materials and in the granule. A component in the samples was chosen as the internal standard. The contents were calculated with the ratio of peak area percentage. Menthol was identified as the main component in Mentha haplocalyx Briq., and also existed in spikes of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq., Folium perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. and granules. The quantitative calibration range was 0.21-10.5 mg/mL. Good precision was demonstrated by an RSD < 4.0%. The mean content of menthol in Mentha haplocalyx Briq., spikes of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq., Folium perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. and granules was 121, 0.234, 1.03 and 1.84 mg/kg respectively.

Scientific References:

1.Research Update:Field mint or Mentha haplocalyx.

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Claims: Information this web site presented is meant for Nutritional Benefit and as an educational starting point only, for use in maintenance and promotion good health in cooperation with a common knowledge base reference...Furthermore,it based solely on the traditional and historic use or legend of a given herb from the garden of Adonis. Although every effort has been made to ensure its accurate, please note that some info may be outdated by more recent scientific developments......

Pharmakon Warning: The order of knowledge is not the transparent order of forms and ideas,as one might be tempted retrospectively to interpret it; it is the antidote....(Dissemination,Plato's Pharmacy,II.The Ingredients:Phantasms,Festivals,and Paints;138cf. Jacques Derrida.).

And as it happens,the technique of imitation,along with the production of the simulacrum,has always been in Plato's eyes manifestly magical,thaumaturgical:......and the same things appear bent and straight to those who view them in water and out,or concave and convex,owing to similar errors of vision about colors, and there is obviously every confusion of this sort in our souls.And so scene painting (skiagraphia) in its exploitation of this weakness of four nature falls nothing short of witchcraft (thaumatopoia), and so do jugglery and many other such contrivances.(Republic X,602c-d;cf.also 607c).