American ginseng,how to use this magic tonic from the past.
Contents
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- Botanical Data and Brief of American Ginseng.
- Botanical Description.
- Phytochemicals and Constituents.
- Tartar Root or American ginseng.
- History,Discovery,Distribution and Trade.
- History and Modern Use of American Ginseng.
- Research Progress Selected.
- American Ginseng:Suggestions and Administration.
- Future Directions and Summary Evaluation.
- Research Update:American Ginseng or Panax quinquefolius.
American Ginseng:Suggestions and Administration.:
Dosage and Safety:How much is usually taken?
American ginseng has an excellent interaction and safety profile when taken in moderation.Dried ginseng can be chewed or it can be powdered and brewed as tea. Use as required. Dinseng may be consumed in the form of plant (root),tea, powder or supplement.
Preparations and Doses: American ginseng is available in multiple forms, from whole root products to a variety of more concentrated formulations and extracts in capsules, tablets, liquids, teas, and foods. The crude root is usually taken in doses of 1-2 g/day, but up to 9 g or more is used in traditional Chinese medicine. Many formulations contain concentrated extracts or preparations standardized to ginsenosides, usually as 100-200 mg of extract per dose.
Daily doses for ginseng formulations range from 50 mg to 1000 mg.
Simmer 3-6 g of dried root in 720-960 ml of water for 45 minutes or steep 1-2 g in boiling water for 20 minutes daily. Dry powder, 1 g three times daily
Standardized extracts of American ginseng, unlike Asian ginseng, are not available. However, dried root powder, 1~3 grams per day in capsule or tablet form, can be used.8 Some herbalists also recommend 3~5 ml of tincture three times per day.Dry extract capsules, 330 mg three times daily.
American ginseng has many oral dosage forms ?most commonly fresh or dried root, capsules containing powdered root, or liquid tincture. Although dosing recommendations for American ginseng are not consistent, typical recommendations are 200 mg to 500 mg twice a day for most individuals. In one study, doses for children with ADHD were 200 mg of American ginseng with 50 mg of ginkgo biloba extract taken twice a day for 4 weeks. To reduce blood sugar levels after meals for individuals with type 2 diabetes, a dose of 3,000 mg (3 grams) was taken 2 hours before meals. Participants in a study of American ginseng effect on blood sugar levels took up to 9,000 mg (9 grams) per day with no apparent increase in side effects. However, no additional reduction of blood sugar was seen from doses higher than 3,000 mg (3 grams).
Consult your physician prior to taking Ginseng,or any other supplement for the first time or with an existing treatment.Always use ginseng in moderation and in balanced amounts. Users of large amounts of American ginseng over long periods of time have reported side effect symptoms that include blood pressure changes,hypertension, nervousness, sleeplessness and headache.
Side effects and Cautions:
Occasional cases of insomnia or agitation have been reported with the use of American ginseng. These conditions are more likely, however, when caffeine-containing foods and beverages are also being consumed.High doses can result in ginseng abuse syndrome, with morning diarrhea, rash, insomnia, nervousness, and high blood pressure.Infrequently, the use of American ginseng has been associated with insomnia, irritability, nervousness, or restlessness, but these effects appear to be mild and temporary.
At the time of writing, there were no well-known drug interactions with American ginseng.
Adverse Effects: No significant adverse effects have been reported in the few clinical trials, and there are no case reports of clinical toxicities. Due to similar chemical constituents, American ginseng has the potential to cause any of the side effects possible with Asian ginseng, which appear to be uncommon and idiosyn-cratic.
Cautions and Precautions:
Individuals who have heart conditions, endometriosis, schizophrenia, or hormone-dependent cancers should not take American ginseng. It should also be avoided by young children, individuals with insomnia, and pregnant or breast-feeding women. If individuals with diabetes take American ginseng, they should take no more than recommended doses and also check their blood sugar levels carefully to make sure they do not develop hypoglycemia.
One American ginseng product has been shown to mildly blunt the hyperglycemic effect of food ; this may theoretically be detrimental in a tightly controlled or labile diabetic. Unlike Asian ginseng products, adulteration or contamination of American ginseng has not yet been reported. Safety has not been established during pregnancy or breast feeding.
Breast cancer patients should be advised against the use of ginseng, since not only is there no evidence for a positive anti-cancer effect in this population, but because there exist possible estrogenic side-effects of the herb.
Because of its hypoglycemic action, ginseng may trigger dangerous hypoglycemic episodes in patients with diabetes if taken in combination with insulin therapy or other oral hypoglycemic agents.
Some other documented symptoms include hypertension, diarrhea, sleeplessness, mastalgia, skin eruptions, and vaginal bleeding.
A "ginseng abuse syndrome" (GAS) is described in the literature characterized by hypertension together with nervousness, sleeplessness, skin eruptions, edema, and diarrhea.
Concurrent use of MAOIs with ginseng may result in manic-like syndrome. In addition, overstimulation may occur when used in conjunction with caffeinated beverages or ephedra.
Use caution in diabetics, as it can lower blood sugar and lessen need for other medications.
Use caution when taking with antipsychotic drugs and monoamine oxidase inhibiters (MAOIs),Do not use when pregnant, as one component has caused birth defects in rats. Safety in nursing mothers is unknown
May increase the effects of caffeine
Some caution required, large doses are said to raise blood pressure. Do not use if you have high blood pressure.
Because it grows slowly, is rare over much of its former range and because it has been overcollected, wild plants should be left alone.
American ginseng is thought to have some estrogenic properties, which could worsen certain conditions. Women with hormone-dependent conditions such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and cancers of the breast, ovaries, or uterus should not take American ginseng due to its possible estrogenic effects. Men with prostate cancer should also avoid taking it.
American ginseng is thought to slow the rate and decrease the force of heart beats. It may also reduce blood pressure in some cases. All of these effects may worsen many types of heart conditions, therefore individuals with heart disease should not take American ginseng without supervision from a healthcare professional.
Taking high doses of American ginseng has been reported to worsen the symptoms of schizophrenia in some individuals.
Individuals with diabetes should use only recommended amounts of American ginseng and monitor their blood sugar levels closely while taking it. Taking more than is recommended may result in hypoglycemia (blood sugar that is too low). Indications of low blood sugar may include shakiness, sweating, confusion, distorted speech, and loss of muscle control. If not corrected, low blood sugar can lead to unconsciousness and even death.
Very little information is available on how American ginseng might affect a developing fetus, an infant, or a small child. Therefore, its use is not recommended during pregnancy, while breast-feeding, or during early childhood.
Taking American ginseng may cause or worsen insomnia.
American Ginseng Interactions:
Interaction with Prescription Drugs:
A small recent study found that taking American ginseng may reduce the effectiveness of the blood-thinning drug, warfarin. As a result, warfarin may not be as effective and blood clots could form. Whether American ginseng interferes with other anticoagulant drugs (such as heparin) or with antiplatelet drugs (such as clopidogrel and Ticlid) is not known. Individuals taking a drug to prevent blood clots should not take American ginseng before discussing its use with a healthcare professional.
Because American ginseng may reduce blood sugar levels, it may interfere with insulin and oral drugs for diabetes including: Actos,Avandia,glimepiride (Amaryl),glipizide (Glucotrol XL),glyburide (Glynase),Glyset,metformin (Glucophage),Prandin,Precose.
In reported cases, the risk of side effects such as headache, insomnia, and shakiness increased when American ginseng was taken with antidepressants known as MAO inhibitors. Drugs in this class include:Marplan,Nardil,selegiline (Eldepryl),tranylcypromine (Parnate).
American ginseng is believed to affect levels of neurotransmitters, chemicals that carry messages from nerve cells to other cells. Antipsychotic drugs used to treat mental disorders such as schizophrenia also alter the levels of neurotransmitters. If American ginseng and antipsychotic drugs are taken at the same time, the effectiveness of the drug may be changed, so it is best to avoid using American ginseng while taking drugs such as: chlorpromazine (Thorazine),fluphenazine (Prolixin),olanzapine (Zyprexa),prochlorperazine (Compazine),Risperdal,Seroquel.
Because it is a general central nervous system (CNS)stimulant, American ginseng may increase the effects and the side effects of prescription drugs that also stimulate the CNS. Used mainly to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, narcolepsy, and obesity; stimulant drugs can raise heart rate and blood pressure. Stimulants include:amphetamine salts (Adderall),dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine),methylphenidate (Concerta, Methlyn, Ritalin),phentermine (Adipex-P, Ionamin).
Chemicals in American ginseng may act like estrogen in the body. When it is taken at the same time as estrogen replacement therapy or oral contraceptives, American ginseng may interfere with the way the body uses the drug. As a result, estrogens or oral contraceptives may not be as effective, some women may experience increased side effects, or the risk of an unintended pregnancy may be slightly higher.
Interaction with Non-prescription Drugs:
Stimulants may be included in non-prescription drugs that are used for increasing energy, losing weight, raising mental alertness, or treating colds or asthma. If American ginseng is taken by mouth at the same time as one of these products is being used, the central nervous system may be over stimulated, possibly resulting in insomnia, and irritability. Increased blood pressure is also possible. Individuals who are not sure whether the non-prescription drugs they take contain stimulants should ask a doctor or pharmacist before beginning to take American ginseng.
Interaction with Herbal Products:
Because American ginseng may decrease blood sugar levels, taking it with other blood sugar-lowering herbal products may result in hypoglycemia - blood sugar that is too low. Herbals that may reduce blood sugar include:Eleuthero,Fenugreek,Ginger (in high amounts),Kudzu,Panax Ginseng.
Certain herbal products are stimulants that may result in side effects if they are taken with American ginseng. These herbal products include ephedra (which has been removed from the market), guarana, and mate. If any of these herbals are taken with American ginseng, insomnia, irritability, nervousness, and other side effects may result.
Interaction with Foods:
Caffeine increases the central nervous system stimulation effect of American ginseng. The combination may cause excessive nervousness and irritability, along with other signs of over-stimulation. Caffeinated beverages such as coffee, soft drinks, and tea should not be consumed when taking American ginseng.
Reference:
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- 1.American ginseng,how to use this magic tonic from the past.
Article Information:
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