Apple and Apple Phytochemicals,how strange a common fruit so magic use?

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From Findings of Apple Procyanidin B-2.

Apple Peel extract INCI Name Pyrus Malus Extract CAS 89957-48-2 EINECS ELINCS No 289-567-5 Apple extract.Malus sylvestris ext.Green Apple Peel extract.Red Apple Peel extract Polyphenol Proanthocyanidin B2 photo picture image Procyanidin B-2, Extracted from Apples, Grows Hair in Clinical Trials:

 Late in 2000,Researchers presented their findings to the international community on the hair growing effects of apple polyphenols- specifically one known as procyanidin B-2.

 The researchers had spent years testing over 1,000 botanical extracts for hair growth properties. They identified two successful compounds- one from chardonnay grapes, and one extracted from unripe apples.

 A year before the landmark Marburg conference, tests were conducted on mouse and human skin cells.

 Here is what the cell culture tests revealed:
 Apple Peel extract INCI Name Pyrus Malus Extract CAS 89957-48-2 EINECS ELINCS No 289-567-5 Apple extract.Malus sylvestris ext.Green Apple Peel extract.Red Apple Peel extract Polyphenol Proanthocyanidin B2 photo picture image

 The procyanidin B-2 fraction clearly outperformed the grape extract, and nearly doubled the hair growth activity of minoxidil. "Procyanidin B-2 purified from apples," stated the research team, "shows the highest activity of more than 300% relative to controls.":

 Promising results, indeed. Next came the in vivo mouse studies. Lab mice were shaved, then treated with procyanidin B-2, procyanidin C-1 (also from apples), minoxidil, and placebo. Results of these tests showed "extensive hair growth" for both procyanidins B-2 and C-1, as well as minoxidil.

 Investigation of topical application of procyanidin B-2 from apple to identify its potential use as a hair growing agent, Phytomedicine, 2000:

 In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial, nineteen men with male pattern baldness were studied with a daily topical application of a 1% procyanidin B-2 solution, extracted from apples. Ten other balding men served as controls, receiving a placebo solution. After 6 months, the study concluded:

 The increase in number of total hairs and terminal hairs in the procyanidin B-2 group subjects was significantly greater than controls
 78.9% of subjects showed an increased mean value of hair diameter
 "Procyanidin B-2 therapy shows promise as a cure for male pattern baldness."

 Procyanidin B-2, extracted from apples, promotes hair growth: a laboratory study, Br J Dermatol. 2002 Jan;146(1):41-51

 In this study, the researchers concluded that procyanidin B-2 acts to diminish protein kinase C isozymes, which play an important role in the hair growth cycle.

 Procyanidin B-2 seems to promote hair growth by downregulating PKC in both the anagen (active growth phase) and telogen (resting phase) of the hair follicle. When the anagen phase is prolonged, and the telogen phase is shortened, increased hair growth results.

 Two more clinical trials and a total of seven published studies have now confirmed the surprising hair growth-promoting effects of apple procyanidins. Here is a summary of those findings:
 Total Number of Hairs: Significantly Increased
 Total Number of Terminal Hairs: Significantly Greater
 Increase in Hair Diameter: 78.9% Positive
 Ratio of Thicker (terminal) Hairs: Significantly Higher
 Compared to Minoxidil: Up to 200% Better
 Hair Follicle Activation: Intensive
 Apple Peel extract INCI Name Pyrus Malus Extract CAS 89957-48-2 EINECS ELINCS No 289-567-5 Apple extract.Malus sylvestris ext.Green Apple Peel extract.Red Apple Peel extract Polyphenol Proanthocyanidin B2 photo picture image

 Here are key findings:

 1. Multiple Procyanidins Produce Synergistic Results:

 First, a careful review of the data revealed that both procyanidin B-2 and procyanidin C-1 had profound effects on hair growth, but at different phases of the hair growth cycle. Further, the procyanidin B-3 fraction also showed significant results: even better than procyanidin B-2 in one testing phase.

 The first improvement to the formula was delivered- by enriching it with all three procyanidin oligomers- B-2, B-3 and C1.

 2. Apple Procyanidins are Dose-dependent in Nearly Every Study:

 The team then turned their attention to the concentration of the lab formula. Was a 1% solution- the amount used in the clinical trials- really the best possible strength for stimulating new hair growth?

 Based on months of cross-discipline research review of apple procyanidins and polyphenols, another clear trend emerged. In nearly every area of research, the effects of procyanidins were dose-dependent.

 When researchers treated breast cancer tumors with apple procyanidins, the effects were markedly enhanced at higher concentrations. In tests on colon cancer, skin cancer, Alzheimer's, and heart disease, the results were always the same: the higher the concentration, the better the results.

 Since procyanidins are thoroughly tested safe, and produce zero irritation or unwanted side effects, there seemed to be no reason to stop at a measly one percent. So they quadrupled the procyanidin strength of the new formula.

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last edit date:20th,June.2009.