Research Update:Semen Persicae or Peach Kernel

  seminal trace...Peach Kernel Extract.Prunus Persica Kernel Extract.Amygdalin.CAS:29883-15-6.M.F.C20H27NO11,(+)-catechin,C15H14O6.Semen Persicae,Khokh,Melocotonero,Pesco,Tao Ren...

 


   Phytochemical info of Semen Persicae or Peach Kernel

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 Definition:Semen Persicae or Peach Kernel are majorly composed of
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   Research Update:Semen Persicae or Peach Kernel

  Protective effects of Guizhi-Fuling-Capsules on rat brain ischemia/reperfusion injury.:J Pharmacol Sci. 2007 Sep;105(1):34-40.Li TJ, Qiu Y, Mao JQ, Yang PY, Rui YC, Chen WS.Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 GuoHe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.

 Previous studies revealed that Guizhi-Fuling-Capsules (GZFLC), a traditional Chinese medical (Kampo) formulation composed of five kinds of medicinal plants, Cinnamomum cassia BLUME (Cinnamomi Cortex), Paeonia lactiflora PALL. (Peonies Radix), Paeonia suffruticosa ANDREWS (Moutan Cortex), Prunus persica BATSCH (Persicae Semen), and Poria cocos WOLF (Hoelen), exerts a protective effect against vascular injury and has a protective effect against glutamate- or nitro oxide-mediated neuronal damage. In the present study, the effect of GZFLC in a rat in vivo model of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion was investigated. Administration of GZFLC (0.3 and 0.9 g/kg, p.o.) after focal cerebral ischemia significantly decreased brain infarction and water contents in rats subjected to 2-h ischemia followed by 24-h reperfusion from 31.72 +/- 2.49%, 84.76 +/- 1.63% in the model group to 17.31 +/- 3.66%, 82.51 +/- 1.36% and 8.30 +/- 3.73%, 81.35 +/- 1.73%, respectively. Furthermore, analysis of inflammatory cytokines in ischemic brain showed that GZFLC treatment significantly down-regulated expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1beta and tissue necrosis factor-alpha and markedly up-regulated expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-10R both in mRNA and protein levels. The serum levels of these inflammatory cytokines were also regulated the same way. These results suggested that GZFLC may be beneficial for the treatment of brain ischemia-reperfusion injury partly due to its anti-inflammatory properties.

  Amygdalin suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in mouse BV2 microglial cells.:Neurol Res. 2007;29 Suppl 1:S59-64.

 BACKGROUND: Amygdalin (D-mandelonitrile-beta-D-gentiobioside) is a cynogenic compound found in sweet and bitter almonds, Persicae semen and Armeniacae semen. Amygdalin has been used for the treatment of cancers and for the relief of the pain. We made an aqueous extraction of amygdalin from Armeniacae semen. In this study, the effect of amygdalin on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation was investigated. METHODS: The effects of amygdalin extracted from Armeniacae semen on the LPS-stimulated mRNA expressions of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, COX-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the mouse BV2 microglial cells were investigated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The effects of amygdalin on the prostaglandins E(2) synthesis and the nitric oxide production were also studied by performing prostaglandins E(2) immunoassay and by detecting nitric oxide. RESULTS: The present results showed that amygdalin suppressed the prostaglandin E(2) synthesis and the nitric oxide production by inhibiting the LPS-stimulated mRNA expressions of COX-2 and iNOS in the mouse BV2 cells. CONCLUSION: These results show that amygdalin exerts anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and it dose so probably by suppressing the mRNA expressions of COX-2 and iNOS.

  Immunosuppressive activity of Semen Persicae ethanol extract on specific antibody and cellular response to ovalbumin in mice.:Chem Biodivers. 2006 Sep;3(9):967-74.Zhang YB, Qin F, Sun HX.College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, P.R. China.

 The immunosuppressive activity of the ethanol extract of Semen Persicae (EESP) was studied with respect to specific antibody and cellular response to ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. The effects of EESP on mice splenocyte proliferation in vitro were measured. EESP significantly suppressed concanavalin A (ConA)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the effects of EESP at three dose levels on the humoral and cellular immune responses in the OVA-immunized mice were examined. ICR Mice were immunized subcutaneously with OVA on day 0 and 14. Starting on the day of immunization, the mice were administered intraperitoneally with EESP at a single dose of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg, and cyclosporin A (CsA, positive drug) at a single dose of 0.1 mg at intervals of 7 days. On day 28, mitogen- and OVA-induced splenocyte proliferation and OVA-specific antibody level in serum were measured. EESP significantly decreased ConA-, LPS-, and OVA-induced splenocyte proliferation in the OVA-immunized mice at the dose of 1.0 mg. Meanwhile, the OVA-specific serum IgG, IgG1, and IgG2b antibody levels in the OVA-immunized mice were markedly reduced by EESP in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that EESP could suppress the cellular and humoral immune response in mice, and deserve further research to be developed as immunosuppressant.

  Protective effects of keishibukuryogan on the kidney of spontaneously diabetic WBN/Kob rats.:J Ethnopharmacol. 2007 Mar 21;110(2):311-7. Epub 2006 Oct 18.

 Keishibukuryogan, one of the traditional herbal formulations, is used clinically to improve blood circulation. It consists of the following five crude drugs: Cinnamomi Cortex, Poria, Moutan Cortex, Persicae Semen and Paeoniae Radix. In this study, the effects of keishibukuryogan against renal damage in spontaneously diabetic WBN/Kob rats were examined. Oral administration of keishibukuryogan significantly attenuated urinary protein excretion and serum creatinine levels. It did not affect body weight loss and blood glucose levels, but it suppressed renal and hepatic weights of WBN/Kob rats. Keishibukuryogan also reduced fibronectin and transforming growth factor beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)) protein expression in the renal cortex. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation levels in both kidney and liver were significantly lower than those of untreated control WBN/Kob rats. Urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine was suppressed by keishibukuryogan treatment. These results suggest that keishibukuryogan reduces oxidative stress by hyperglycemia, and that it protects renal function and suppresses fibronectin deposition induced by TGF-beta(1) production in WBN/Kob rats.

  Effects of traditional herbal medicine, Hwaotang, on atherosclerosis using the spontaneous familial hypercholesterolemia model, Kurosawa and Kusanagi-hypercholesterolemic rabbits and the venous thrombosis rats.:Phytother Res. 2005 Oct;19(10):846-53.

 Hwaotang (HOT), a traditional Korean medicinal formulation, is a dried decoctum of a mixture of seven herbal medicines, consisting of Angelica gigantis Radix, Rehmanniae Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Ciniamomi Cortex, Cnidii Rhizoma, Persicae Semen and Carthami Flos. In the present study, the inhibitory effects and anti thrombic properties of HOT on the progression of atherosclerotic lesions were studied using the spontaneous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) model, Kurosawa and Kusanagi-hypercholesterolemic (KHC) rabbits and rats. Changes in blood chemistry, pathology and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation were measured in a control and HOT group. In the control group, the area of atheromatous plaques of the aorta progressed between week 12 (36.65%) and week 14 (46.22%). This progression of atherosclerotic lesions did not occur in the HOT-treated group after 12 (24.24%) and 14 (23.34%) weeks. Antioxidative effects on LDL were seen in the HOT in weeks 12 and 14. HOT improved the hypercholesterolemia in the KHC rabbits. On the other hand, HOT and five of the seven herbs, except Cnidii Rhizoma and Carthami Flos, inhibited the endotoxin-induced hepatic venous thrombosis in high cholesterol diet-treated rats. However, Ciniamomi Cortex showed a very weak inhibitory effect on the endotoxin-induced hepatic venous thrombosis. The extract also inhibited the endotoxin-induced decrease in blood platelets and fibrinogen, and endotoxin-induced increase in fibrin degradation products (FDP) on disseminated intravascular coagulation in normal rats. In conclusion, these results suggest that HOT has inhibitory effects on the development of atheromatous plaque formation in spontaneous FH rabbits. It is also suggested that the antioxidative effects of HOT on LDL led to the beneficial effects observed in this study. The protection by HOT and its herbs on the artificially induced ischemic infarction might be related to their inhibitory effects on disseminated intravascular coagulation, platelet coagulation and thrombotic action.


  Effect of drugs for promoting blood circulation on blood lipids and inflammatory reaction of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE gene deficiency mice:Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2005 Apr;25(4):345-9. Chinese.Wen C, Xu H, Huang QF.Beijing University of TCM. linnwen@sina.com

 OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of six common Chinese medicinal herbs for promoting blood circulation, including Radix Paeoniae rubra (I), Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (II), Rhizoma Chuanxiong (III), Radix Notoginseng (IV), Semen Persicae (V) and wine steamed Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (VI), on blood lipids and inflammatory reaction of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE gene deficiency mice. METHODS: Ninety mice, 6 - 8 weeks old, were divided into 8 groups, the model group, the control group (treated with simvastatin) and the six treated groups treated with the above-mentioned 6 Chinese medicinal herbs respectively. All the mice were fed with the diet of western kind for 13 weeks until the mature atherosclerotic plaques formed in them. Then they were treated with respective drugs for another 13 weeks except those in the model group. All the mice were sacrificed at the end of experiment, their blood was collected for lipids determination, heart and aorta were taken out for determining the level of CD68 in root of aorta, as well as the expressions of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) by immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS: All the 6 Chinese herbs showed regulatory action on blood lipids. The positive expression of CD68 in the model group displayed the highest activity. As compared with the model group, the CD68 positive expressed cells in the control group and the groups treated with Chinese herbs II, III, and IV were lesser (P < 0.05), and the expression of inflammatory factors (MCP-1 and TNF-alpha) in atherosclerotic plaques was significantly lower in the control group and the group treated with Chinese herb VI (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Chinese medicinal herbs tested in this study can interfere the maturing progress of atherosclerotic plaques and stabilize the plaques in ApoE deficiency mice, the mechanisms may relate to its actions in regulating lipids metabolism and inhibiting inflammatory reaction. Different Chinese medicinal herbs for activating blood circulation of conventional dosage might show difference in potency and acting links.

  Inhibitory effect of GBH on platelet aggregation through inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in activated human platelets.:Life Sci. 2004 Nov 5;75(25):3063-76.

 Geiji-Bokryung-Hwan (GBH) was studied on antiplatelet activity in human platelet suspensions. GBH consists of the 5 herbs Cinnamomi Ramulus, Poria Cocos, Mountan Cortex Radicis, Paeoniae Radix, and Persicae Semen, which have been used in herbal medicine for thousands of years for atherosclerosis. The mechanism involved in the antiplatelet activity of GBH in human platelet suspensions was investigated. GBH inhibited platelet aggregation and Ca2+ mobilization in a concentration-dependent manner without increasing intracellular cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. GBH had no inhibitory effect on thromboxane B2 (TXB2) production in cell-free systems. Collagen-related peptide (CRP)-induced Ca2+ mobilization is regulated by phospholipase C-2 (PLC-gamma2) activation. We evaluated the effect of GBH on tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC-gamma2 and the production of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). GBH at concentrations that inhibited platelet aggregation and Ca2+ mobilization had no effects on tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC-gamma2 or on the formation of IP3 induced by CRP. Similar results were obtained with thrombin-induced platelet activation. GBH inhibited platelet aggregation and Ca2+ mobilization induced by thrombin without affecting the production of IP3. We then evaluated the effect of GBH on the binding of IP3 to its receptor. GBH at high concentrations partially blocked the binding of IP3 to its receptor. Therefore, the results suggested that GBH suppresses Ca2+ mobilization at a step distal to IP3 formation. GBH may provide a good tool for investigating Ca2+ mobilization.

  Apoptosis induction of Persicae Semen extract in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells.:Arch Pharm Res. 2003 Feb;26(2):157-61.

 The major ingredient of Persicae Semen is a cynogenic compound, amygdalin (D-mandelonitrile-beta-gentiobioside). Controversial results on the anticancer activity of amygdalin were reported due to its conversion to its inactive isomer, neoamygdalin. In order to inhibit the epimerization of amygdalin, we used newly developed simple acid boiling method in preparation of Persicae Semen extract. HPLC analysis revealed most of amygdalin in Persicae Semen extract was active D-form. Persicae Semen extract was used to analyze its effect on cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. Persicae Semen extract was cytotoxic to HL-60 cells with IC50 of 6.4 mg/mL in the presence of 250 nM of beta-glucosidase. The antiproliferative effects of Persicae Semen extract appear to be attributable to its induction of apoptotic cell death, as Persicae Semen extract induced nuclear morphology changes and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation.

  Experimental study on anti-thrombus effect of different extracts from Semen Persicae:Zhong Yao Cai. 2002 Jun;25(6):414-5. Chinese.Wang N, Liu Q, Peng D, Wang L, Wang S.Department of Pharmacy, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heifei 2300038.

 OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of anti-thrombus of different extracts from Semen Persicae and provide experimental basis for finding and defining effective fraction of Semen Persicae. METHODS: The effects of different extracts from Semen Persicae on clotting time in mice, pulmonary embolism in mice and electro-irritate thrombosis in rats were observed. RESULT: Ethyl acetate extract from Semen Persicae could prolong clotting time in mice, markedly relieve respiratory difficult due to pulmonary embolism in mice induced by ADP-Na, obviously retard the generation of thrombosis induced by electrical injury of carotid artery in rats. CONCLUSION: Ethyl acetate extract from Semen Persicae possesses evidently anti-thrombotic effect.

  Anti-tumor promoting effect of glycosides from Prunus persica seeds:Biol Pharm Bull. 2003 Feb;26(2):271-3.

 Four minor components, along with the major cyanogenic glycosides, amygdalin and prunasin, were isolated from Prunus persica seeds (Persicae Semen; Tounin), and characterized as mandelic acid glycosides (beta-gentiobioside and beta-D-glucoside) and benzyl alcohol glycosides (beta-gentiobioside and beta-D-glucoside). The anti-tumor promoting activity of these compounds was examined in both in vitro and in vivo assays. All of the compounds significantly inhibited the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen activation induced by tumor promoter. In addition, they produced a delay of two-stage carcinogenesis on mouse skin that was comparable in potency to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate from green tea. Structure-activity relationships indicated that a substituent at the benzylic position with glycosidic linkage affected the in vitro and in vivo activities with an order of enhancing potency, CN

  Development of quantitative extraction method of amygdalin without enzymatic hydrolysis from tonin(Persicae Semen) by high performance liquid chromatography.:Arch Pharm Res. 2002 Aug;25(4):453-6.

 Persicae Semen is the herb medicine that contains amygdalin as a major ingredient. Amygdalin in water is decomposed into benzaldehyde, HCN, and glucose by emulsin, a hydrolysis enzyme in tonin. A useful and practical method for the optimum extraction condition of amygdalin without enzymatic hydrolysis is required. The extraction yield of amygdalin of natural formula tonin was 0.1% from crude powders, 1.4% from small pieces, 3.5% from half pieces and 2.4% from whole pieces. The extraction yield of amygdalin of outer shell-eliminated tonin was 0.3% from crude powders, 1.4% from small pieces, and 3.5% from half pieces and whole pieces respectively. The extraction yield of amygdalin was most high when using the size larger than half.

  Observation on the action of extractum semen Persicae on anti-fibrosis of liver.:Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1994 Aug;19(8):491-4, 512. Chinese.Xu LM, Liu P, Liu C, Hong JH, Lu G, Xue HM, Zhu JL, Hu YY.Liver Diseases Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

 It was observed that Extractum Semen Persicae acted obviously on hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4. Through promoting the degradation of collagens type I, II, IV, VI and fibronectin, ESP has proved helpful in markedly reducing the fibrous septa composed of both collagenous and reticular fibers as well as in repairing the structure of hepatic tissues.

  Quantitative determination of amygdalin epimers by cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography:J Chromatogr A. 2001 Jul 20;923(1-2):249-54.

 A new capillary electrophoresis method was developed for the quantitative determination of the amygdalin epimers, amygdalin and neoamygdalin, which are biologically significant constituents in the crude drugs, namely Persicae Semen and Armeniacae Semen. The effects of surfactants, additives and other analytical parameters were studied. As a result, the resolution of two epimers was performed by cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography with a buffer containing alpha-cyclodextrin and sodium deoxycholate. By the application of this method, a simple, fast and simultaneous quantitative determinations of amygdalin epimers in the crude drugs (Persicae Semen and Armeniacae Semen) and the Chinese herbal prescriptions (Keishi-bukuryo-gan and Mao-to) were achieved.

  Endometriosis treated by the method of resolving blood stasis to eliminate obstruction in the lower-jiao.:J Tradit Chin Med. 1998 Mar;18(1):7-11.Wang D, Wang Z, Yu C.Longhua Hospital, Shanghai College of TCM.

 48 cases of endometriosis were treated with the Neiyi (ectopic endometrium) No. 2 Pills [symbol: see text] 2 [symbol: see text]) composed of fresh Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), Biejia (Carapax Trionycis) and Taoren Shuang (powdered Semen Persicae). After 3 months of treatment, high effective rates were obtained in menorrhalgia, dyspareunia, proctalgia, hysteromyoma, ovary cyst, and tubercles in the pelvic cavity, with a pregnant rate of as high as 26.7% in sterility. Meanwhile, the levels of plasma PGF2 alpha and PGE2 markedly dropped, while that of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, beta-EP, and HYP significantly elevated.

  Effect of fuzheng huayu recipe in treating posthepatitic cirrhosis:Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1996 Aug;16(8):459-62. Chinese.Liu P, Liu C, Hu YY.Liver Disease Research Center, Shanghai Academy of TCM.

 This article deals with the effect of Fuzheng Huayu recipe (FZHYR), composed of Semen Persicae, Cordyceps, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Pollen pini, etc. in treating posthepatitic cirrhosis. 40 patients treated with FZHYR were observed, and another 40 patients in simila condition treated with symptomatic therapy were taken as control. Results showed that the FZHYR could (1) Increase the serum level of albumin and decrease the gamma-globulin; (2) Elevate the lowered plasma branched-chain amino acid/aromatic amino acid ratio; (3) Reduce the raised level of laminin and hyaluronic acid in serum; (4) Escalate the level of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, NK cells activity and complement C3, lowered the raised level of IgG and IgM in serum. In addition, it could also adjust the anormal change of hormonal secretion. These results suggested that FZHYR has beneficial effect in treating posthepatitic cirrhosis, it acts multifariously and plays important role either in controlling the development of disease or in preventing the complications.


  Antimutagenic substances in the Armeniacae semen and Persicae semen:

 Using the Ames/Salmonella/microsome assay, we examined the antimutagenic effect of the hexane extract of Armeniacae semen (apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) seed), Persicae semen (peach (P. persica Bat.) seed), and seeds of cherry (P. avium L.), plum (P. salicina Lindle) and almond (P. dulcis Mill). Hexane extracts of Armeniacae semen and Persicae semen inhibited the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), but those of seeds of cherry, plum and almond did not. The mutagenicities of 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1) and 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (AF-2) were also inhibited by the extracts of Armeniacae semen and Persicae semen. Inhibitory substances in Persicae semen were fractionated by silica gel column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography, and were identified as oleic acid and linoleic acid. The contents of oleic acid and linoleic acid were 0.7 and 0.4% in the hexane extract of Armeniacae semen, and 1.5 and 0.5% in that of Persicae semen, respectively.

  Experimental study of preventing liver cirrhosis by using four kinds of Chinese herbs:Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1992 Jun;12(6):357-8. Chinese.Wang ZL.Dept. of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Institute of TCM, Taiyuan.

 55 rats were divided into six groups; (1) normal control, (2) cirrhosis control, (3-6) Chinese herbs groups, 2-6 groups were liver cirrhosis model caused by combined factor dominated by CCl4, and 3-6 groups were given Chinese herbs simultaneously until the end of sixth week. Radix Salviae miltlorrhizae (RSM) were used in group 3, Flos Carthami (FC) in group 4, Radix Angelicae sinensis (RAS) in group 5, Semen persicae (SP) in group 6. The results: in group 2, 7 out of 9 rats developed into cirrhosis, the degree of fibrosis was 2.55+ and collagen protein content was 35.3 mg/g.liver, SGPT 387u. In group 3(RSM), no cirrhosis was found, the degree of the fibrosis was 0.43+ (compared with group 2, P < 0.01, collagen protein content was 16.7 mg/g.liver (P < 0.01), SGPT 132u (P < 0.01). In group 4(FC), 8 out of 9 rats did not develop into cirrhosis, collagen content 21.1 mg/g.liver, compared with group 2, P < 0.05. In the group of 5 and 6, some rats were developed into cirrhosis. The result showed that RSM and FC possessed an inhibitory effect on fibrogenesis. The effect of RSM was remarkable. It could prevent experimental cirrhosis. The effect of RAS and SP were uncertain. This experiment predicted that RAM would become the promising drug to restrain chronic hepatic disease from developing into cirrhosis clinically.

  Modulating effects of extractum semen Persicae and cultivated Cordyceps hyphae on immuno-dysfunction of inpatients with posthepatitic cirrhosis:Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1992 Apr;12(4):207-9, 195. Chinese.Zhu JL, Liu C.Department of Liver Cirrhosis Research, Shanghai Academy of TCM and Pharmacology, Shanghai.

 The treatment of 65 cases (with 20 cases in the control group) of patients with post-hepatic cirrhosis by Extractum Semen Persicae (ESP) and cultivated Cordyceps Hyphae (CH) was reported, and the adjustment of the disorders of both cellular and humoral immune functions was investigated. The results indicated apparently that the restrained cellular immune function, among which the rate of lymphocyte transformation, the NK cell's function, CD8+ and CD4+ cells in the patients' group were lower than those in the healthy group. The CD8+ cell count was positively correlated with lymphocyte transformation rate and the humoral immune hyperfunction revealing that the levels of IgG, IgA, ssIgA and CIC of the patients were abnormally higher than those of healthy subjects, while level of C3 was negatively correlated with that of CIC. After the treatment, rate of transformation, function of NK cell, CD8+, CD4+ cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ improved; levels of IgG, IgA, ssIgA and CIC reduced, while those of C4 and C3 rose. These results revealed the ESP and cultivated CH could modulate the cellular immune function, inhibit the humoral immune hyperfunction and increase serum complement level in patients with post-hepatitic cirrhosis, which were correlated to the improvement of hepatic function. Disorder of immune function was one of the important causes of liver cell necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and fibroplastic proliferation. The results showed that the drugs are of some value in the treatment of patients with post-hepatitic cirrhosis.

  MicroHLPC determination of amygdalin in Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen pruni persicae:Biomed Chromatogr. 1988 Nov;2(6):271-3.He LY, Li BM.Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing.

 The application of micro HPLC to the determination of amygdalin in Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen pruni persicae is described. Amygdalin is separated at ambient temperature on a reversed phase column of U-Finepak SIL C18(150 x 0.5 mm) with methanol + water (25:75 v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 10 microL/min. The results are calculated by the internal standard method. The linear range is 1-7 micrograms. The CV and recovery of pure amygdalin are 1.47% (n = 10) and 98.13%, respectively. The results of analysis are lower than those obtained by TLC, but microHPLC is much simpler, faster, and more sensitive and reproducible than TLC.


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  1.Research Update:Semen Persicae or Peach Kernel