Prefers a well-drained humus rich fertile soil in a sheltered position in full sun. Succeeds in any soil of good or moderate quality. Dislikes shade or badly drained soils. Plants grow best with their roots in cool moist soil and their tops in a hot sunny position. This species is hardy to about -20 but plants only really succeed in the warmer counties of Britain because of their late flowering habit. When planted in colder areas of the country, they will need protection for the first few winters. The flowers only open in sunny weather. Plants rarely require pruning, though they respond well to pruning and trimming and this is best carried out in the spring or just after flowering. Plants are late coming into leaf, usually around the end of May or early June. A very ornamental plant, there are many named varieties.
Hibiscus syriacus Flower (Flos Hibisci)
Common English Name:Shrubalthea Flower,Shrub-althea
Scientific Name:Hibiscus syriacus L.
Synonyms:white wibiscus flower,big bowl flower,mu jin,zhu jin, chi jin,lthaea frutex - Hort. ex Mill. ,Rose Of Sharon,Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.(Malvaceae) ,Chinese hibiscus, Shoe-flower,Karkade.
Botanical source:Flower of Hibiscus syriacus L.
Symbolic meaning:In history every herb and flower has a symbolic meaning. Hibiscus means grace and beauty.
Range:Hibiscus origins from China,spread to worldwide including north korea and other areas such as Syria,south Europe,etc.
Habitat Found wild on mountain slopes, Origin from China, prefer sun light or half shade,good character to absorb smell and articles, fit for city and home virescence
Physical Characteristics and Plantation of Hibiscus syriacus:
A decidious Shrub growing to 3m by 2m at a medium rate.
Hibiscus trees grows good shape and could be widely used to dress gardens,this shrub absorb waste gases and keep air clean.It is hardy to zone 5. It is in flower in September, and the seeds ripen in October. The flowers are hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Insects.
The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and requires well-drained soil. The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It requires moist soil.
Hibiscus flowering during summer to autumn,flower in morning and drop off at sun down,day after day,folk people call it "Day Renew Virtual",color white,purple,light yellow,light pink,beautiful and shinning,got praises from ancient till today.
Hibiscus Varieties: As the origin and home of hibiscus,China has nearly 40 kinds of hibiscus flowers,common varities including:Huang Jin(Hibiscus tiliaceus Linn. or Yellow Hibiscus),Mu Jin (Hibiscus Syriacus Linn.),Da Ma Jin (Hibiscus cannabinus Linn.),Zhu Jin(Hibiscus rosa-sinesis Linn.),Mei Gui Qie(Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.),Mu Fu Rong(Hibiscus mutabilis Linn.),Tai Wan Fu Rong (Hibiscus taiwanensis S.Y.Hu),etc.The major commercial varieties are those grown in China, Thailand, Mexico and Africa, principally Sudan, Senegal and Mali and Egypt.
Leaf: Alternate, simple, coarsely serrated and often three-lobed, ovate or diamond shaped, 2 to 3 inches long, palmately veined from the base, green above, slighter paler below.
Flower: single flower lay on axil,bell shape,odd or multiple petal, color white,red,purple,etc. florescence june to september, Very showy, 5-petaled, ranging from white to reddish-purple depending on cultivar, 3 to 4 inches across, perfect, blooms most of the summer as long as the plant is actively growing.
Fruit: Ovate, pointed, brown, dry capsule, 3/4 inch long and wide, ripening in late summer and fall, persistent. capsule egg shape,mature during october to november.
Twig: Moderate, light gray-brown to brown, raised leaf scar, hairy stiplues may be present, buds small and not evident.
Bark: Fairly smooth with brown and gray striping.
Form: Small tree or upright shrub up to 10 feet in height, pyramidal crown.
Character: Small abor or shrub,height 2~3 meters,leaf egg shape with lack chisel on margins,flowers grows single from axils,single petal or double petals,color pink red,purple red,pure white or double color of single flower.Blosoom from june to september,capsle fruit egg shape,fruit mature from august to october.Origins from middle and east of China,prefers warm and sunny conditions,bear shade,fitable temperature 15 to 25 deg C,no soil selecting,grows well in garden soil,light acid soil, or light alkalescence soil .
Cultivation details: Prefers a well-drained humus rich fertile soil in a sheltered position in full sun. Succeeds in any soil of good or moderate quality. Dislikes shade or badly drained soils. Plants grow best with their roots in cool moist soil and their tops in a hot sunny position. This species is hardy to about -20 but plants only really succeed in the warmer counties of Britain because of their late flowering habit. When planted in colder areas of the country, they will need protection for the first few winters. The flowers only open in sunny weather. Plants rarely require pruning, though they respond well to pruning and trimming and this is best carried out in the spring or just after flowering. Plants are late coming into leaf, usually around the end of May or early June. A very ornamental plant, there are many named varieties.
Propagation: Seed - sow early spring in a greenhouse. Germination is usually fairly quick. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle and grow them on in the greenhouse for their first year. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer. Some reports say that the seed can be sown in situ outside and that it gives a good rate of germination. Cuttings of half-ripe wood, July/August in a frame. Good percentage. Cuttings of mature wood, early autumn in a frame. Good percentage. Layering in mid summer to early autumn.
Uses of Hibiscus syriacus:
Edible Uses:
Edible Parts: Flowers; Leaves; Root; Tea.
Young leaves - raw or cooked. A very mild flavour, though slightly on the tough side, they make an acceptable addition to the salad bowl. A tea is made from the leaves or the flowers. Flowers - raw or cooked. A mild flavour and mucilaginous texture, they are delightful in salads, both for looking at and for eating. Root - it is edible but very fibrousy. Mucilaginous, without very much flavour.
The leaves are diuretic, expectorant and stomachic. A decoction of the flowers is diuretic, ophthalmic and stomachic. It is also used in the treatment of itch and other skin diseases, dizziness and bloody stools accompanied by much gas. The bark contains several medically active constituents, including mucilage, carotenoids, sesquiterpenes and anthocyanidins. A decoction of the root bark is antiphlogistic, demulcent, emollient, febrifuge, haemostatic and vermifuge. It is used in the treatment of diarrhoea, dysentery, abdominal pain, leucorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea and dermaphytosis.
The following notes are for the closely related H. syriacus. They quite possibly also apply to this species.
Ophthalmic, styptic.
The leaves are diuretic, expectorant and stomachic.
A decoction of the flowers is diuretic, ophthalmic and stomachic. It is also used in the treatment of itch and other skin diseases, dizziness and bloody stools accompanied by much gas.
A decoction of the root bark is antiphlogistic, demulcent, emollient, febrifuge, haemostatic and vermifuge. It is used in the treatment of diarrhoea, dysentery, dysmenorrhoea and dermaphytosis.
Tea uses:
Hibiscus petals are commonly used as a base for herb and fruit infusions. When blended with rosehips and various other dried fruits the resulting drink is lively, fruity and Vitamin C and A healthy. If you are using hibiscus petals in a tea and you intend to add milk to the tea, keep the ratio of hibiscus to tea low as hibiscus will curdle milk. If tea shops want to create their own signature blends, hibiscus can make your blend distinctive and a blend that only 'you' can create. A special blend helps build loyalty amongst your customers and is well worth the effort.
Hot tea brewing method:
To prepare as an infusion, use 1 teaspoon (for a stronger infusion use 2 teaspoons) per cup of tea (about 8 ounces). put into your teapot and add boiling water. Let steep for 5-10 minutes and then pour. It is not necessary to strain the hibiscus as they sink to the bottom of the teapot and are not easily `stirred up'. For additional flavor add a large slice of orange or lemon or three slices of fresh juicy peaches. Sweeten to taste.
Iced tea brewing method: (to make 1 liter/quart):
Place 7 teaspoons of hibiscus into a teapot or heat resistant pitcher. Pour 1 1/4 cups of freshly boiled water over the tea. Steep for 5-10 minutes. Quarter fill a serving pitcher with cold water. Pour the tea into your serving pitcher straining the hibiscus. For additional flavor steep with 1/4 cup of dried orange peel. Add ice and top-up the pitcher with cold water. and sweeten to taste.
Hibiscus Recipes and Uses:
Hibiscus Amomum villosum Tofu soup:
Materials: White hibiscus flower 10 ~ 12, Amomum villosum 1 g, tender tofu 250 grams,salt,MSG, sesame oil, ginger all appropriate.
Practices: burning and heat the Pot, peanut oil burning to 80% grade heat, Add Amomum villosum and ginger fried to flavor smells, winners to slag, and water 500 grams, Add tofu tablets then boil.Hibiscus flower get rid of bud and washed input to boil, add salt,MSG to adjust its taste, leaching a little sesame oil.
Properties:Fresh of Fragrant Flowers, tofu Chunqing, and sweet appetizers, a treatment Wind inverse, nausea, hemorrhoids hematochezia effect.
Practices: fresh hibiscus flower got rid off but,petals wash, cut into thick silk. A post-mortem will wash clean the fish after water washed,cut off fins and straight knife zoned few, add soy sauce,Add intraday abeyance. Wash leeks, scallion stalk cut seven centimeters long, and then a post-mortem two halves, the remaining green onions or good standby. It watercress leaf fat pig into the small side.
Burning pot hot and add the peanut oil, oil 50% heat, add soy sauce to the carp Add Sprinkle with fried yellow color Remove, Add intraday abeyance. Another take a pot of washed bottom pot pad to the remaining onions and ginger pieces, fish on the above, scallion stalk yards in fish, the leaf fat Dingsa above, joined salt, soy sauce, sugar, water, it is necessary to diffuse the fish body, fire boil, moved to the small, like the fire about one hour, and then fire Add lard, Hibiscus petals, MSG and emphasize good taste or juice, and a little vinegar,then cooked.
Properties:Color light yellow, taste good and smells fresh,tender,good for spleen. Apply to weak spleen and stomach, intestinal wind,dysentery, hematochezia, edema, wet disease, skin disease,etc.
Hibiscus Ginger Tea:
Material:Hibiscus 10, Ginger 12 grams, brown sugar 250 grams.
Practices:hibiscus flower get rid off buds,washing clean, wash and ginger with a knife cut into silk. Hibiscus flower,fresh ginger, add water Decocting then filtrate liquid,add brown sugar drawing frame top. Drinking Fragrant Flowers,ginger taste and delicious. The efficacy of treatment with dysentery.
Other Properties:
Hibiscus addition to appreciate food, there are high medicinal value. Its flowers properties cooling,clean heat, detoxification effect. Commonly used in the treatment of bronchitis, diarrhea, stool blood under, women vaginal discharge. The various surgical patients also effective, blossoming inquest powder, vegetable oil-Kurashiki, flood-control fires burned; or root bark decoction washing, to cure hemorrhoids pain; stems and skins suitable for the end, vinegar transfer area to the skin can rule scabies.
Other Uses:
Dye; Fibre; Hair; Hedge; Oil.
A low quality fibre is obtained from the stems. It is used for making cordage and paper. The seed contains about 25% oil. No further details are given, but it is likely to be edible. A hair shampoo is made from the leaves. A blue dye is obtained from the flowers. This species is planted as a hedge in S. Europe.
The following notes are for the closely related H. syriacus. They quite probably also apply to this similar species.
A low quality fibre is obtained from the stems. It is used for making cordage and paper.
The seed contains about 25% oil. No further details are given, but it is likely to be edible.
A hair shampoo is made from the leaves.
A blue dye is obtained from the flowers.
This species is planted as a hedge in S. Europe.
Phytochemicals of Hibiscus syriacus:
Main Phytochemicals of Root Bark: Tannins and macilage
The flowers of Hibiscus contain: 15-30% plant acids, including citric, malic and tartaric acids and a unique hydroxycitric acid called hibiscus acid which give the tea a pleasant tart taste. The flowers also contain approximately 1.5% anthocyanins including delphinidin 3-sambubioside, delphinidin, cyaniding 3-sambubioside that colour the tea red. The blossoms contain more than 15% mucilage and make a pleasantly sweet tea, which on hydrolysis affords traces of galactose, arabinose, glucose, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, xylose and mannose. For the rest, only ubiquitous substances have been detected.
The flowers of Hibiscus,are rich in mucilage, a complex mixture of polysaccharides that form a soothing gelatinous fiber when water is added. The tea contains approximately 15% mucilage polysaccharides and 2% pectins.
Hibiscus, also known as red-sorrel, is listed in the German Commission E Monographs and its flower tea was traditionally used internally for stimulating appetite, soothing sore throats, laryngitis and tonsillitis, coughs, dryness of the lungs and digestive upsets. The tea also contains high concentrations of colorful purple flavonoids called anthocyanins that are antinflammatory. Anthocyanins are beneficial for skin and vascular health and are also known to coat the surface of cell membranes and protect them from enzymatic and free radical damage.
The tea is recommended to alleviate urinary tract problems, which may be attributed to the action of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins that prevent bacteria from adhering to the bladder wall. The powdered flowers of a related plant have been shown to stimulate cellular regeneration, cleansing and detoxification; researchers recommend them for both healthy and sick individuals. Studies on irritated mucus membranes have shown that the mucilage of Malvaceae plants binds to buccal membranes and other mucous membranes of the body. Mucilage, as a good source of soluble fibre, is particularly recommended as a mild laxative and for soothing gastric diseases.
The viscous fiber has several beneficial effects on digestion: 1) it reduces bowel transit time; 2) it absorbs toxins from the bowel; 3) it increases fecal bulk and dilutes stool materials thereby reducing stool contact with the intestinal mucosa; and 4) it enhances beneficial bacteria in the gut and provides an excellent substrate for bacterial fermentation. Mucilage helps to eliminate anaerobic pathogens from the gut, a function that can significantly help the body to normalize critical hormone balances needed for basic health.
Chemicals in Leaf: Beta-Carotene,75 - 750 ppm.
Chemicals in Plant and Bark: Cyanidin-Chloride;Hentriacontane:JSG;METHYL-10-OXO-11-OCTADECYNOATE: JSG;METHYL-8-OXO-9-OCTADECYNOATE:JSG;Quercetin:JSG
Phytochemicals of Seed: malvalic acid,sterculic acid,dihydrosterculic acid.
Functions and Characters of Hibiscus syriacus:
Functions and Characters:
1.Flowers: sweet and calm,antidotes and detumescence;cure for diarrhea,naevus and bleeding,leucorrhea; also used for scald and abscess
2.Bark: sweet and kill worms;cure for diarrhea,leucorrhea; also used to treat dermatophytosis,scrotal eczema.
3.Seeds: sweet and calm,antidotes and detumescence; cure for cough,phlegm,asthma,headache;
Dosage and Method of Hibiscus syriacus in TCM:
1. Flowers: 6~12g.
2. Bark: 3~9g.
3. Seeds: 9~15.
Suggested Amount: Unless otherwise prescribed, 1.5-2 grams of the finely chopped Hibiscus flower is placed in cold water and boiled for a short time, or boiling water is poured over it, and after ten minutes strained. One Teaspoon = ca. 2.5 grams. Hibiscus flower tea is taken 3-5 times per day, or as required.
Pharmacological Properties:
Anti- Inflammatory Activity of Effective Fractions of Hibiscus Mutabilis L.: Objective To assess the anti- inflammatory activity of the effective fractions of Hibiscus mutabilis L. (MFR). Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups with 10 in each: MFR- A, -B, and-C groups, sinomonine positive control group, Voltaren positive control group, and blank control group. In carrigeenin inducing inflammation test, the medications were administrated 1h before inflammation occurred, and the claws of rats were measured after inflammation occurred 1, 3, 5 and 7h to direct the best MFR. Then, the best MFR were divided into high, middle, and low dose groups. In ovi-albumen inducing inflammation test, comparison with sinomonine positive control group and solvent (Tween-80) group, the claws of rats were measured after inflammation oc- curred 1, 3, 5, and 7h. Results Three MFR groups had marked effects of anti- inflammation, es- pecially in the MFR-C which had significant difference compared with blank control group and had same effects to sinomonine group. Conclusion The results indicate that the active fractions of Hibiscus mutabilis L. could suppress the non-specific inflammation.
Fresh leaf Total Flavones.: Fresh leaves of hibiscus extraction got the highest amount of flavones from experiment study of Chinese herbalist.Reference:Northwest Pharmaceutical Journal.2006.03.by Fu Junxia,Wu Jianke,Wang Guoli
Hibiscus Tea May Have Cholesterol-lowering Effects.: Lin T, Lin H, Chen C, Lin M, Chou M, Wang C. Hibiscus sabdariffa extract reduces serum cholesterol in men and women. Nutr Res. 2007;27:140-145.
Hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa) tea and soft drinks are popular in Taiwan, where hibiscus is also a valued medicinal herb. The popular Mexican soda Jamaica is flavored with hibiscus. Hibiscus flowers contain constituents known to have cardioprotective effects, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, and polyphenols. Previous in vivo studies by this group have shown that hibiscus extract lowers cholesterol levels in rats and rabbits.1,2 In addition, a previous in vitro study by this group has shown that hibiscus extract inhibits low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation.1 The purpose of this clinical trial was to assess the effect of hibiscus extract capsules on serum cholesterol levels in subjects with high cholesterol levels (<175 mg/dL).
The hibiscus extract capsules contained 500 mg of a hot aqueous extract prepared by macerating 150 g of hibiscus flowers in 6 L of hot water for 2 hours and then drying and filtering the resulting extract. The hibiscus extract contained 2.5% anthocyanins, 1.7% polyphenols, and 1.43% flavonoids. Therefore, each 500 mg capsule contained 20.1 plus/minus 3.0 mg anthocyanins, 10.0 ¡À 2.5 mg flavonoids, and 14.0 plus/minus 2.8 mg polyphenols. A total of 42 subjects were randomized to 3 groups for the study, conducted at Chung Shan Medical University Hospital in Taichung, Taiwan. The randomization method used was not described in the paper. The study was divided into 2 study periods lasting 2 weeks for a total duration of 4 weeks. The study was designed as a randomized crossover , with each subject acting as his or her own control. This was done by comparing cholesterol levels at week 2 and week 4 with each subject's baseline levels. Group 1 received 1 capsule of extract 3 times daily (1,500 mg/day), group 2 received 2 capsules 3 times daily (3,000 mg/day), and group 3 received 3 capsules 3 times daily (4,500 mg/day). All subjects took the capsules at mealtimes to mimic usage of cholesterol medications. The subjects maintained food diaries to track their use of the capsules.
Overall, subjects in group 2 (2 capsules 3 times daily) responded best to the hibiscus extract treatment. Groups 1 and 2, but not group 3, experienced a significant reduction in serum cholesterol levels at week 4, compared with baseline levels (P<0.05 for groups 1 and 2). In addition, group 2 experienced a significant reduction in serum cholesterol levels at week 2, compared with baseline levels (P<0.05). At week 2, 6 out of the 14 subjects (42.9%) responded to the hibiscus extract in groups 1 and 3; and 9 out of the 14 subjects (64.3%) responded to the treatment in group 2. By week 4, group 2 had the most responders with 10 out of the 14 subjects (71.4%) experiencing reductions in serum cholesterol levels. In group 1, 7 out of 14 subjects (50.0%) were responders, and 6 out of the 14 (42.9%) subjects in group 3 were responders at week 4. Despite receiving a higher dosage, the responders in group 3 had the smallest response to the hibiscus extract with an average 8.3% reduction in serum cholesterol levels at week 4 (-17.7 plus/minus 8.1 mg/dL, P<0.05). Group 1 responders experienced an average 14.4% reduction in serum cholesterol levels at week 4, compared with baseline levels (-29.3 plus/minus serum cholesterol level reduction of 12.0% at week 4 (-26.7 plus/minus 36.6 mg/dL, P<0.01).
The results indicate that hibiscus flower extracts can reduce serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic adults. The authors conclude that 1,000 mg of hibiscus extract taken 3 times daily may be the optimal dose. A month of continuous treatment may be required before a significant reduction in serum cholesterol levels occurs. Future studies using a randomized placebo control design will be useful in confirming the results of this study. In addition, although the anti-hyperlipidemic effects are presumed to be due to the anti-oxidant effects the exact mechanism for the observed effects needs further investigation. .
Clinical Trials.:
11.2% decrease in systolic blood pressure and 10.7% decrease of diastolic pressure after 12 days in 31 patients with moderate essential hypertension taking Hibiscus vs. control group Haji Faraji 1999
Urine excretion of creatinine, uric acid, citrate, tartrate, calcium, sodium, potassium and phosphate decreased in 36 men consuming roselle juice (Hibiscus sabdariffa) 16-24 g/d Kirdpon 1994
Hibiscus Flowers to Prevent Heart Attacks.: Chang-Che Chen, Fen-Pi Chou, Yung-Chyan Ho, Wea-Lung Lin, Chin-Pin Wang, Erl-Shyh Kao, An-Chung Huang and Chau-Jong Wang.Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture: Volume 84
Hibiscus flower extract may have the same health benefits as red wine and tea according to new research by scientists in Taiwan. Hibiscus contains antioxidants that help control cholesterol levels and reduce heart disease, says the research in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture.
Chau-Jong Wang and his team at Chung Shan Medical University in the Republic of China found that the antioxidant properties of flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds and anthocyanins contained in the flower can prevent the oxidation of Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL), which is associated with the disease.
Healthy properties:Hibiscus sabdariffa is used in folk medicine to treat hypertension and liver disorder, and is used to make popular soft drinks in various countries across the world. Some health benefits of taking Hibiscus have now been verified: ''Experiments have shown that compounds extracted from red wine and tea reduces cholesterol and lipid build-up in the arteries of rats. This is the first study to show that Hibiscus extract has the same effect'', says Wang.
Diet testing:In the study, rats were divided in to four groups and given different diets; one control, one high cholesterol control, and two high cholesterol diets supplemented with different amounts of Hibiscus extract. After 12 weeks, the rats were given blood tests to assess their health. Results showed that the extract significantly reduced cholesterol content in blood serum and successfully prevented oxidation of Low-density Lipoproteins.
These data strongly suggest that the extract has potential to prevent cholesterol deposition and may therefore be useful in the prevention and even treatment of a number of cardiovascular diseases in which cholesterol plays a major role.
Hibiscus flower extract may have the same health benefits as red wine and tea according to new research by scientists in Taiwan. Hibiscus contains antioxidants that help control cholesterol levels and reduce heart disease, says the research in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. Chau-Jong Wang and his team at Chung Shan Medical University in the Republic of China found that the antioxidant properties of flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds and anthocyanins contained in the flower can prevent the oxidation of Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL), which is associated with the disease.
Toxicity.: Hibiscus mutabilisL. extract toxicity evaluation studies in China proved:Mutagenic ames test and acute toxicity test,Ames experiment process under conditions of metabolism activity system and without conditions,20 mice oral dose raw hibiscus extract at 0.5 g/ml concentration,taken 0.8 ml/20 g,after taken,measure LD50 to determine acute toxicity.Ames test highest dose 5000 microgram,lowest dose 0.5 microgram;what ever S9 exist or not,no mutagenic effects observed,extracts for oral taken equal to raw herb dosage about 312.4 g/kg,as high as 150 times of effective dose for animals,no any toxic effects observed,experiment proved that hibiscus leaf extracts and flavones low toxic,safe enough herbs for clinical applications.Reference:Guangxi Sciences.2002.01.Experimental Assessment on Mutagenicity and Acute Toxicity of the Effective Fraction of Leaves of Hibiscus mutabilis L.by Fu Shicong,Zhang Huijuan,Ma Jing,Yao Liyun,Du Ning,Zhang Fenghua,etc.
Scientific References:
1.Hibiscus syriacus and its applications....
Claims & Warning:
Claims: Information this web site presented is meant for Nutritional Benefit and as an educational starting point only, for use in maintenance and promotion good health in cooperation with a common knowledge base reference...Furthermore,it based solely on the traditional and historic use or legend of a given herb from the garden of Adonis. Although every effort has been made to ensure its accurate, please note that some info may be outdated by more recent scientific developments......
Pharmakon Warning: The order of knowledge is not the transparent order of forms and ideas,as one might be tempted retrospectively to interpret it; it is the antidote....(Dissemination,Plato's Pharmacy,II.The Ingredients:Phantasms,Festivals,and Paints;138cf. Jacques Derrida.).
And as it happens,the technique of imitation,along with the production of the simulacrum,has always been in Plato's eyes manifestly magical,thaumaturgical:......and the same things appear bent and straight to those who view them in water and out,or concave and convex,owing to similar errors of vision about colors, and there is obviously every confusion of this sort in our souls.And so scene painting (skiagraphia) in its exploitation of this weakness of four nature falls nothing short of witchcraft (thaumatopoia), and so do jugglery and many other such contrivances.(Republic X,602c-d;cf.also 607c).
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seminal trace...Hibiscus Extract,Hibiscus Flower Extract.Hibiscus syriacus Extract,CAS.NO:84775-96-2.999999-85-6.Hibiscus syriacus L.,Hibiscus sabdariffa extract.Hibiscus Bark,flower.Rose Of Sharon extract.Hibiscus sabdariffa flower extract....
Basic Botanical Info of Hibiscus syriacus:
Hibiscus Varieties: As the origin and home of hibiscus,China has nearly 40 kinds of hibiscus flowers,common varities including:Huang Jin(Hibiscus tiliaceus Linn. or Yellow Hibiscus),Mu Jin (Hibiscus Syriacus Linn.),Da Ma Jin (Hibiscus cannabinus Linn.),Zhu Jin(Hibiscus rosa-sinesis Linn.),Mei Gui Qie(Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.),Mu Fu Rong(Hibiscus mutabilis Linn.),Tai Wan Fu Rong (Hibiscus taiwanensis S.Y.Hu),etc.The major commercial varieties are those grown in China, Thailand, Mexico and Africa, principally Sudan, Senegal and Mali and Egypt.
Hot tea brewing method:
Scientific References:
Claims & Warning:
