Research Update:Parmelia perlata and Phytochemicals.Parmelia perlata Extract,Shaileyam extract,Parmelia perlata water extract.Stone Flowers.Parmotrema chinense extract.8:1.Printable Version.MDidea Extracts Professional.

Parmelia perlata Extract,Shaileyam extract,Parmelia perlata water extract.Stone Flowers.Parmotrema chinense extract.8:1 photo picture image img

Phytochemical info of Parmelia perlata.

Product Name:
Synonym:
Definition:Parmelia perlata are majorly composed of
Chemical information disclosed as following table:

Research Update:Parmelia perlata and Phytochemicals.

Preregistration study on the safety and contraceptive efficacy of a progesterone-releasing vaginal ring in Chilean nursing women.:Contraception. 1999 Jul;60(1):9-14. Massai R, Miranda P, Vald¨¦s P, Lav¨ªn P, Zepeda A, Casado ME, Silva MA, Fetis G, Bravo C, Chand¨ªa O, Peralta O, Croxatto HB, D¨ªaz S.Instituto Chileno de Medicina Reproductiva, Consultorio de Planificaci¨®n Familiar, Santiago, Chile.

The contraceptive efficacy and safety of a progesterone-releasing vaginal ring (PVR) manufactured in Chile were compared to that of the Copper T 380A IUD (T-Cu) in nursing women enrolled at three Chilean clinics. A total of 285 volunteers chose to use the PVR and 262 the T-Cu. Plasma progesterone levels attained with the ring decreased from 25 to 14 nmol/L from month 1 to month 3 of use. Ring replacement was scheduled every 3 months. Volunteers continued in the study until weaning or completing the continuous use of four PVRs. No pregnancies occurred in 2320 and 2183 woman-months of exposure with the PVR and the T-Cu, respectively. Lower continuation rates in the first 6 months because of problems with use and a longer lactational amenorrhea were observed in the PVR than in the T-Cu group. Breast-feeding performance and infant growth were similar in both groups. These results confirm the high efficacy and safety of the PVR for nursing women and have led to the registration of the PVR by Chilean health authorities.

PIP: This study compares the contraceptive efficacy and safety of a progesterone-releasing vaginal ring (PVR) manufactured in Chile and a Copper T 380A IUD (T-Cu) in nursing women enrolled at three Chilean clinics. A total of 285 volunteers used the PVR and 262 used T-Cu. Plasma progesterone levels attained with the ring decreased from 25 to 14 nmol/l from month 1 to month 3 of use. Ring replacement was scheduled every 3 months. Volunteers continued in the study until weaning or completing the continuous use of 4 PVRs. There were no pregnancies in 2320 and 2183 woman-months of exposure with the PVR and the T-Cu, respectively. Lower continuation rates in the first 6 months because of problems with use and a longer lactational amenorrhea were seen in the PVR group. Breast-feeding performance and infant growth were similar in both groups. These results prove the high efficacy and safety of the PVR for nursing women. This has led to the registration of the PVR by Chilean health authorities.

Lactational amenorrhea and the recovery of ovulation and fertility in fully nursing Chilean women.:Contraception. 1988 Jul;38(1):53-67.D¨ªaz S, Rodr¨ªguez G, Peralta O, Miranda P, Casado ME, Salvatierra AM, Herreros C, Brandeis A, Croxatto HB.Instituto Chileno de Medicina Reproductiva, Consultorio de Planificaci¨®n Familiar, Santiago.

The probability of experiencing the first postpartum bleeding, the first ovulation and the risk of pregnancy during exclusive breastfeeding was assessed in a selected group of urban Chilean women. Admission criteria included having had a normal pregnancy and a vaginal term delivery of a healthy infant and the desire to maintain breastfeeding for as long as possible. The risk of bleeding and the recovery of ovulation was assessed in 48 women selected for being amenorrheic and fully nursing at day 75 postpartum and their willingness to participate in the blood sampling protocol. The first bleeding and ovulation was experienced while fully nursing by 28% and 26% of these subjects, respectively, at day 180 postpartum. The probability of experiencing the first bleeding and the probability of pregnancy during full nursing were calculated for 236 women not contracepting who were enrolled during the first month postpartum. The cumulative probability of bleeding and of pregnancy was 52% and 9.4% at day 180 postpartum, respectively. The risk of pregnancy was less than 2% in the subset of amenorrheic cases. In this urban population selected for having the highest motivation and best breastfeeding performance, the association of breastfeeding with infertility was too weak to serve as an effective birth spacer, except for the period of lactational amenorrhea. When the first postpartum bleeding took place before the sixth postpartum month in fully nursing women, it had a good predictive value to indicate the onset of a higher risk period.

Fertility regulation in nursing women: VII. Influence of NORPLANT levonorgestrel implants upon lactation and infant growth.:Contraception. 1985 Jul;32(1):53-74.D¨ªaz S, Herreros C, Juez G, Casado ME, Salvatierra AM, Miranda P, Peralta O, Croxatto HB.

The objective of this study was to test the influence of NORPLANT implants upon lactation and infant growth. The results obtained during the first postpartum year are reported. One-hundred women were enrolled in the implant group. The control group was formed by 100 women who received a Copper T IUD. Treatments were administered at day 55 +/- 3. At admission all subjects were in exclusive breastfeeding with an adequate weight increase of the infant. No significant differences were found between the treated and control groups in the percentage of women in full nursing at different postpartum intervals, except for the 12th month postpartum where a lower percentage of cases from the NORPLANT group was in the full nursing category. No difference was found in the time of weaning. The infants showed a normal weight gain rate in both groups although the girls from the NORPLANT group showed a significantly lower daily weight increase during the 4th month than the girls from the IUD group. No pregnancies were diagnosed. No women asked for implant removal during the first year. No serious side effects related to treatment were detected. Bleeding irregularities were rare during breastfeeding which is in contrast with what occurs in non-nursing women treated with NORPLANT implants. Levonorgestrel concentrations found in milk were variable and individual values ranged from 23 to 311 pg/ml. The dose received by the infant can be estimated around 15 to 18 ng/Kg/day during the first month of treatment when the higher plasma values of levonorgestrel are observed. These levels is conjunction with the clinical observations reported here minimize the potential problems associated with levonorgestrel transference through maternal milk. Nevertheless, long-term studies are required to settle this matter and until more information is available, NORPLANT implant use in lactating women should be limited to cases who require a highly effective contraceptive method and where non-hormonal methods of similar effectiveness are contraindicated or unacceptable.

Scientific References:

1.Research Update:Parmelia perlata and Phytochemicals.

Claims & Warning:

Claims: Information this web site presented is meant for Nutritional Benefit and as an educational starting point only, for use in maintenance and promotion good health in cooperation with a common knowledge base reference...Furthermore,it based solely on the traditional and historic use or legend of a given herb from the garden of Adonis. Although every effort has been made to ensure its accurate, please note that some info may be outdated by more recent scientific developments......

Pharmakon Warning: The order of knowledge is not the transparent order of forms and ideas,as one might be tempted retrospectively to interpret it; it is the antidote....(Dissemination,Plato's Pharmacy,II.The Ingredients:Phantasms,Festivals,and Paints;138cf. Jacques Derrida.).

And as it happens,the technique of imitation,along with the production of the simulacrum,has always been in Plato's eyes manifestly magical,thaumaturgical:......and the same things appear bent and straight to those who view them in water and out,or concave and convex,owing to similar errors of vision about colors, and there is obviously every confusion of this sort in our souls.And so scene painting (skiagraphia) in its exploitation of this weakness of four nature falls nothing short of witchcraft (thaumatopoia), and so do jugglery and many other such contrivances.(Republic X,602c-d;cf.also 607c).