Research Update:Amur Corktree Bark or Phellodendron chinense.

  seminal trace...Cortex Phellodendri Extract.Amur Cork-tree extract.Corktree Bark extract,Huangbai extract,Huang Pi 5:1.Bark extract...

 


   Phytochemical info of Amur Corktree Bark or Phellodendron chinense.

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 Synonym:
 Definition:Amur Corktree Bark or Phellodendron chinense are majorly composed of
 Chemical information disclosed as following table:


   Research Update:Amur Corktree Bark or Phellodendron chinense.

  Hairy roots induction of Phellodendron chinense and production of its active constituents.:Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2006 Nov;31(22):1853-6. Chinese.Wang YH, Gou XJ, Wu J, Yan WZ, Ma XJ, Yang Y.Department of Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.

 OBJECTIVE: To introduce the hairy roots of Phellodendron chinense and determine the content of its active constituents. METHOD: Transformed hairy roots of P. chinense were obtained by the transformation of Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4, R1600, ATCC15834 and R1000. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: It was clearly demonstrated that T-DNA of A. rhizogenes Ri plasmid was integrated into the cells of hairy roots by PCR. The content of berberine hydrochlodride, which was determined by HPLC, was higher in hairy roots than that in the axenic plantet and callus.

  Studies on polyploid induction of Phellodendron chinense.:Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2006 Mar;31(6):448-51. Chinese.Wang YH.Department of Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610160, China. tlfor@hotmail.com

 OBJECTIVE: This paper aimed at improving existing breeds of Phellodendron chinense and enriching the resources of heredity breeding. METHOD: The polyploid of P. chinense was obtained using calli, seeds and buds, which were treated with colchicines solution. RESULT: The polyploid of P. chinense was obtained using calli with stem treated with 0.2% colchicines medium, the inducing rate reached 12.45%. Compared with the morphology and chromosomal number the polyploid induction was proved to be effective. CONCLUSION: It was an effective biotechnological way to use colchicines to induce polyploid on the different explants of P. chinense.

  A rapid and simple determination of protoberberine alkaloids in cortex phellodendri by 1H NMR and its application for quality control of commercial traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions.:J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2006 Jan 23;40(1):173-8. Epub 2005 Aug 2.Li CY, Lu HJ, Lin CH, Wu TS.Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.

 Huangbai (cortex Phellodendri, the dried bark of Phellodendron amurense or Phellodendron chinense) is one of the important traditional Chinese medicines. Protoberberine alkaloids were reported to contribute to the biological activity of this species. A highly specific and sensitive method using (1)H NMR has been developed for the quantitative determination of protoberberine alkaloids in Phellodendron species and their commercial traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. In the region of delta 8.6-8.9, the signals of H-13 of berberine (1) and palmatine (2), were well separated from other signals in methanol-d(4). The quantity of the compounds was calculated by the relative ratio of the integral values of the target peak of each compound to the known amount of internal standard anthracene. This method allows rapid and simple quantization of protoberberine alkaloids from Phellodendron species or the more complex commercial prescriptions in 5 min without any pre-purification steps. The recoveries of berberine and palmatine from P. amurense were in the range of 95-106%. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of them were 1.0 and 1.8 microg/mL, respectively. The advantages of the method were that no reference compounds are required for calibration curves, the quantification could be directly realized on a crude extract, the better selectivity for protoberberine alkaloids and a very significant time-gain could be achieved, in comparison to conventional HPLC methods, for instance.

  Studies on chromosomes preparation and karyotype analysis of Phellodendron chinense.:Zhong Yao Cai. 2005 Jan;28(1):3-5. Chinese.Wang Y, Ma D, Yu C. Department of Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106.

 The article reported method of making chromosomes by callus and used in karyotype analysis of Phellodendron chinense. The results demonstrated that the chromosme amount to 80. The karyotype formula is K(2N) =80 =68m(2SAT) +6sm +6T. 34 pairs are metacentric (m), 3 pairs are submetacentric (sm) and 3 pair are terminal point (T). Two small satellites were observed on the short arms of the third pair.

  Flavonoids and coumarins from Leaves of Phellodendron chinense.:Planta Med. 2004 Feb;70(2):183-5.Kuo PC, Hsu MY, Damu AG, Su CR, Li CY, Sun HD, Wu TS.Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. tswu@mail.ncku.edu.tw

 Three new compounds, phellodensin G, phellodenols D and E have been isolated from the leaves of Phellodendron chinense Schneid (Rutaceae), together with thirteen known compounds. Their structures were established by means of spectroscopic analysis, including extensive 2D NMR and mass spectra.


  A new isocoumarin from bark of Pellodendron chinense.:Nat Prod Res. 2003 Dec;17(6):427-9.Cui WS, Tian J, Ma ZJ, Guo YQ, Wang JH, Li X.Department of Natural Medicines, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China. wanshengcui2000@yahoo.com.cn

 A new isocoumarin, 3-acetyl-3,4-dihydro-5,6-dimethoxy-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one, was isolated from the cortex of Phellodendron chinense schneid. The structure was determined on the basis of spectroscopic evidences.

  Determination of berberine in Phellodendron chinense Schneid and its processed products by TLC (thin layer chromatography) densitometry.:Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1995 Jul;20(7):405-7, 447. Chinese.Zhou H, Gu Y.Sichuan Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing.

 Berberine from crude and processed Phellodendron chinense was determined by UV TLC densitometry. The results indicate that the content of berberine in processed products is 11.8% to 98% less than that of the crude drug. The recovery of berberine is 98% +/- 1.7% and the Standard relative deviation is 1.7%.

  A comparative study on commercial samples of phellodendri cortex.:Planta Med. 1993 Dec;59(6):557-61.Liu YM, Sheu SJ, Chiou SH, Chang HC, Chen YP. Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 sec. 5, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.

 A total of 31 commercial samples of Phellodendri cortex (Rutaceous plant) which originated from PHELLODENDRON AMURENSE Ruprecht, P. CHINENSE Schneid, P. WILSONII Hayata et Kanehira, and P. AMURENSE Rupr. var. SACHALINENSE Fr. Schm., respectively, were collected from the Taiwan herbal markets. The contents of five quaternary alkaloids (berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, phellodendrine and magnoflorine) in these samples were determined by capillary electrophoresis. It was found that P. WILSONII (4.10 +/- 0.78%) and P. AMURENSE var. SACHALINENSE (4.18 +/- 1.03%) were superior to P. AMURENSE (1.55 +/- 0.72%) and P. CHINENSE (1.54 +/- 0.60%). Berberine was the major alkaloid in almost all samples. In comprised about 80% of the total alkaloids in the first two of the four herbs named above, but only about 40% in the latter two. From the data on the chemical analysis of the herb's constituents, as well as the herb's texture and color, we can postulate the origin and quality of a herb drug.

  The pharmacological and pathological studies on several hepatic protective crude drugs from Taiwan (I).:Am J Chin Med. 1988;16(3-4):127-37.

 This study is to investigate the hepatic protective effect of several Taiwan crude drug extractions on the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The pharmacological and pathological effects of Bupleurum chinense, Phellodendron wilsonii, Clematis chinensis and Hedyotis corymbosa were analyzed by liver enzyme function test and pathological studies. However, the results of amine transferase SGOT and SGPT have shown a significant hepatic protective effect after treatment with Bupleurum chinense (P less than 0.005), Phellodendron wilsonii (P less than 0.001), Clematis chinensis (P less than 0.005) and Hedyotis corymbosa (P less than 0.005, SGPT only). The fatty degeneration around the central vein area and necrosis of the central lobule can be significantly improved by P. wilsonii and moderately changed by B. chinense or C. chinensis. Although fatty metamorphosis has been affected by H. corymbosa, various inflammatory cell infiltrations in the cytoplasm were noted.


  Scientific References:

  1.Research Update:Amur Corktree Bark or Phellodendron chinense.