What is Curculigo orchioides or Xian Mao?

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Pharmacological Effects:Curculigo orchioides.

Rhizoma Curculiginis Extract Curculigo root extract Curculigo orchioides Gaertn root extract Xian Mao land immortal root extract Ethanol extract photo picture image 1.Immune function:

1.1. On macrophage phagocytosis:

the mice take Rhizoma Curculiginis 70% alcohol saps 10g/kg, 20 g / kg, once daily for 7 days, intraperitoneal injection of 0.4% glycogen 2 ml in the first five days after oral administration respectively, and intraperitoneal injection of 2% chicken erythrocyte suspensions 1 ml in 1 hour after the last injection,2 hours later the mice were sacrificed. According to the literature (Zhang Yun fen, Beijing Journal of the Faculty of Medicine 1979) Determine phagocytosis. The results showed that Curculigoside mouse peritoneal macrophages can increase phagocytic percentage and phagocytic significantly than the control group.

1.2. Normal immune function and the inhibition of murine T lymphocyte percentage:

esterase (Zupei Nanjing Railway Medical College Department of the Chinese Medical Journal 1980) of murine T lymphocyte percentage. The results proved that Rhizoma Curculiginis not enhance T-lymphocyte percentage of normal mice, but the immune function induced by cyclophosphamide in mice by inhibition of T lymphocytes significantly reduced.

1.3. Boost Immune System:

Rhizoma Curculiginis water extract generated to promote antibodies and extend their effectiveness, Curculigoside promote macrophage cell proliferation and enhance its phagocytic function, that can enhance immune function.
Rhizoma Curculiginis Extract Curculigo root extract Curculigo orchioides Gaertn root extract Xian Mao land immortal root extract Ethanol extract photo picture image

2.Central nervous system:

2.1. On Pentobarbital sodium sleep time:

mice by intraperitoneal injection Rhizoma Curculiginis alcohol saps 10 g/kg,30 minutes later intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital 40 mg/kg,sleep time record results compare for administered group and the control group (NS), the average sleep time was 304.9 +- 24.2 and 63.4 +- 11.6 (minutes). Have proved Rhizoma Curculiginis prolong sleep time significantly.(P less than 0.001).

2.2. On Picrotoxin-induced convulsion:

Rhizoma Curculiginis intraperitoneal injection to mice,30 minutes later, then intraperitoneal injection of Picrotoxin 200 mg/kg,record clonic convulsion incubation time. The results showed that Rhizoma Curculiginis group and the control group a convulsion Latency were 24.38 +- 3.78 and 7.57 +- 0.63 minutes, the difference between the two groups significantly (P less than 0.001). Note Rhizoma Curculiginis can significantly delay the arrival of the incubation period of convulsion for Picrotoxin-induced convulsion in mice.

2.3. Sedation,analgesic and antipyretic effects:

Rhizoma Curculiginis contains lycorine, intraperitoneal injection lycorine to rat 5 mg/kg, could significantly prolong the incubation period of their conditioned reflex, positive reflection of the conditions disappear and then restored, to the mice injected 2 mg/kg,significant sedation, the dose of 12 mg/kg extend pentobarbital hypnosis time, and there were significant analgesic and antipyretic effects.
Rhizoma Curculiginis Extract Curculigo root extract Curculigo orchioides Gaertn root extract Xian Mao land immortal root extract Ethanol extract photo picture image

3.Effect on Hypothalamus-pituitary- onadal axis function :

3.1.Effect on Normal rat pituitary - ovarian endocrine:

35 normal female rats, weighing 150-200g were randomly divided into eight groups: Curculiginis group, Dodder group,Bajitian group,Rehmannia group, Cistanche Group,Epimedium group,Chinese wolfberry group and the control group. Herb group (decoction) intragastric oral administration, according to 1ml/100g body weight, twice daily,five days. Control group with normal saline same dose. The six day dealing with animals, in the sodium pentobarbital anesthesia, abdominal aortic 1 ml blood, plasma separation, has been reserved for plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) Determination. Extraction of the anterior pituitary, ovary and uterus and weighing, will be put immediately frozen ovarian of Tris-Hcl buffer reserved for determination of human chorionic gonadotropin / luteinizing hormone receptor. The results showed that Curculiginis group and other herb group increase rat anterior pituitary weight,ovarian weight, uterine weight significantly (P less than 0.01), but the plasma levels of luteinizing hormone no change ovarian villi Film gonadotropin / luteinizing hormone receptor binding in the treated group than the control group also increased significantly (P less than 0.01).
Rhizoma Curculiginis Extract Curculigo root extract Curculigo orchioides Gaertn root extract Xian Mao land immortal root extract Ethanol extract photo picture image

3.2.Effects of Ovariectomized rats pituitary response to the release of luteinizing hormone:

Experiment designed and reference to Johnson JH Davis CL (1981) method. From 35 adult female rats, weighing 150-200g, in the ether anesthesia with bilateral ovarian. After one week, were randomly divided into 8 groups, 7 groups for the corresponding medication group, a group for the control group. 2nd day intragastric administration, according to a ml/100g weight, and even served five days; served with the control group of normal saline. The first six days 8:00, by subcutaneous injection of sodium pentobarbital anesthesia (50 mg / kg), 30 minutes later, blood from the abdominal vein 0.4 ml (heparin anticoagulant), and then by the saphenous vein injection of D-C -- promoting the release of luteinizing hormone (100 ng/100g weight). Injection in promoting the release of luteinizing hormone after 30 minutes and 90 minutes, abdominal vein from 0.4 ml of blood from each. 3rd centrifugal separation, from the blood plasma reserved for determination of luteinizing hormone, to determine the injection promote pituitary luteinizing hormone after the release of luteinizing hormone secretion response. The results showed that all animals in the sodium pentobarbital anesthesia, plasma luteinizing hormone levels low. D-C injection - promoting the release of luteinizing hormone, the animals in the control group 30 minutes plasma LH levels increased to 22.25 ng / ml, 90 minutes at 18.50 ng / ml, respectively. Curculigoside help, such as clothes and KRH-rats, the injected promote pituitary luteinizing hormone after the release of luteinizing hormone secretion response to increased significantly, 90 minutes after the injection of plasma luteinizing hormone levels Curculigoside group was 55.90 ng / ml, significantly higher than the control group (P less than 0.01).
Rhizoma Curculiginis Extract Curculigo root extract Curculigo orchioides Gaertn root extract Xian Mao land immortal root extract Ethanol extract photo picture image

4.Androgen like effect:

Of the 16 male rats From 60-90 g body weight, cut both sides of the testicles, seven days after the surgery, divided into two groups, 70% alcohol gavage Curculiginis saps 10 g/kg and saline,one time daily, for 21 days. At the end of the day after the administration, the animals were killed, a post-mortem seminal vesicle weighing. Results Curculigoside group and the control group of rats seminal vesicle weight were 0.116 +- 0.009mg / g body weight and 0.0679 +- 0.003mg / g body weight, a significant difference (P less than 0.01). Shows Curculiginis androgen like effect

5.Adaptation Effects:

5.1. Anti-anoxia effects:

Mice oral to 70% alcohol saps of Curculiginis 20/ kg and 40 g/ kg, 1 hour, placed in 250 ml wide mouth bottle, seal the mouth of the bottle, recording the survival time of different group of mice. Results shows Curculiginis alcohol saps at dose 20 g/kg group, 40g/kg group and the control group mice survival time was 28.8 +- 1.14;33.6 +- 1.19 and 26.8 +- 0.77 (minutes, X +- SE). Curculiginis sap at dose 40 g/kg shows anti-hypoxia effect significantly (P less than 0.001).

5.2. High-temperature bearing:

Mice oral 70% Curculiginis alcohol sap 10 g/kg,30 minutes later,placed in 45 +- 1 Deg C the thermostat box,set half death of drug group and the control group as border,make the mice mortality records. Results shows Curculiginis group of 20 mice died 5 (mortality rate 25 percent), while the control group of 20 mice, 14 deaths (70% mortality rate), the difference between the two groups was significant (P less than 0.05). Note Curculiginis shows high-temperature bearing effects.
Rhizoma Curculiginis Extract Curculigo root extract Curculigo orchioides Gaertn root extract Xian Mao land immortal root extract Ethanol extract photo picture image

6. Anti-inflammatory effect:

Mice oral 70% Curculiginis alcohol sap10 g/kg, cortisone 50 mg/kg and normal saline, 30 minutes after administration, make inflammation by croton oil. Results Curculiginis group, cortisone group and the control group of mice ear swelling were 9.25 +- 1.23mg, 4.1 +- 1.35mg and 14 +- 1.04mg. That Curculiginis inhibite experimental inflammation in mice significantly(P less than 0.05).

7. Erythrocyte membrane Na (+) and K (+)-ATP enzyme activity:

Mice oral 12% Curculiginis decoction and other tonic medicine decoction of 6 g/kg one time daily, for 10 consecutive days . Control group given equal volume of water. Determine of enzyme activity. The results showed that Curculiginis decoction and other tonic decoction may increase Na (+) and K (+)-ATP enzyme activity.

8. Antibacterial effect: 100% decoction Panel Trencher law,proved inhibition to S.flexneri,S.sonnei.
Rhizoma Curculiginis Extract Curculigo root extract Curculigo orchioides Gaertn root extract Xian Mao land immortal root extract Ethanol extract photo picture image

9. Anti-tumor effects:

Curculiginis acetone extract shows inhibition on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma entities type tumor.lycorine can inhibit cancer cells in mouse ascites anaerobic degradation, but does not affect its gasification respiratory, cancer cells generally anaerobic alcohol solution for the main source of energy, can be considered Curculiginis glucose shows certain interference effects on metabolism of cancer cells.

10. Other effects:

Curculiginis water extract expand coronary artery, strong heart. To alleviate the arrhythmia rabbits intravenous 6 g/kg,heart rate can be significantly increased, the mutant cells decreased significantly, inhibit the enzymy activity of purine system about 20%,inhibition cholecystokinin about 80%, hypothyroidism, patients with low level of cyclic AMP recovery;patients with high level of cyclic GMP lower,ratio of cyclic AMP/cyclic GMP tend to normal level. Rats intraperitoneal injection lycorine 6 mg/kg, increased uric acid excretion, renal succinate dehydrogenase in mice have significantly inhibited, mild antihypertensive, anti-experimental arthritis.